Person: Krishnamurthy, Vivek
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Krishnamurthy
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Vivek
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Krishnamurthy, Vivek
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Publication Artificial Intelligence & Human Rights: Opportunities & Risks(Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society, 2018-09-25) Raso, Filippo; Hilligoss, Hannah; Krishnamurthy, Vivek; Bavitz, Christopher; Levin, KimberlyPublication Cloudy with a Conflict of Laws(Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society, 2016) Krishnamurthy, VivekAs more and more of our lives are lived online, so too are those who live lives of crime. Like everyone else, criminals of all stripes are increasingly using online services of all kinds to plan and commit their wrongful acts. Evidence of crime that not so long ago was on-the-ground and physical is now increasingly in-the-cloud and digital. All this has thrown the law parcelling the authority to search and seize among different jurisdictions into confusion, as clouds of data — like those in the sky — are everywhere and nowhere at once. Unless some clarity is brought to this situation and soon, the future of cloud computing as a unified global phenomenon may be hazy indeed. This paper describes how the fractal complexity of cloud computing’s physical geography has fractured the system of Mutual Legal Assistance Treaties (MLATs) that arose during the jet age to help shuttle evidence of crime across borders. It explains why the territorially-based MLAT system fundamentally doesn’t work with the physical, technological, and corporate structures that are used to deliver cloud-based services, and how the resulting problems threaten their continued global nature. It highlights the role played by US laws, companies, and government institutions in exacerbating these difficulties that, ironically, have now been visited on the US government itself in the Microsoft Ireland case. It then finally sketches some elements of a potential solution based on principled US leadership that recognizes the legitimate interests of other governments.Publication Assessing the Assessments: Lessons From Early State Experiences in the Procurement and Implementation of Risk Assessment Tools(Berkman Klein Center for Internet & Society, 2018) Bavitz, Christopher; Bookman, Sam; Eubank, Jonathan; Hessekiel, Kira; Krishnamurthy, VivekFor state and local officials, considering the development, procurement, implementation, and use of Risk Assessment (RA) tools can be a daunting endeavor. This report provides context for those making these decisions, beginning with brief case studies of four states (Kentucky, Wisconsin, California, and Pennsylvania) that have adopted (or attempted to adopt) such tools early on and describes their experiences. It then draws lessons from these case studies and suggests some questions that procurement officials should ask of themselves, their colleagues who call for the acquisition and implementation of tools, and the developers who create them. This report concludes by examining existing frameworks for technological and algorithmic fairness. The authors offer a framework of four questions that government procurers should be asking at the point of adopting RA tools. That framework draws from the experiences of the states we study and offers a way to think about accuracy (i.e., the RA tool’s ability to accurately predict recidivism), fairness (i.e., the extent to which an RA tool treats all defendants fairly, without exhibiting racial bias or discrimination), interpretability (the extent to which an RA tool can be interpreted by criminal justice officials and stakeholders, including judges, lawyers, and defendants), and operability (the extent to which an RA tool can be administered by officers within police, pretrial services, and corrections).