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Sinha, Sumi

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Sinha

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Sumi

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Sinha, Sumi
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    Characteristics and national trends of patients receiving treatment of the primary tumor for metastatic prostate cancer☆
    (Asian Pacific Prostate Society, 2017) Sinha, Sumi; Muralidhar, Vinayak; Feng, Felix Y.; Nguyen, Paul L.
    Background: We sought to determine temporal trends in the receipt of prostatectomy or locoregional radiation to the prostate for patients with metastatic prostate cancer and to identify predictors of receipt of local treatment. Methods: We identified 39,976 patients with metastatic prostate cancer diagnosed in 2004–2012 using the National Cancer Database (NCDB). We used logistic multivariable regression to determine trends in the receipt of prostate and/or pelvic radiation or radical prostatectomy after adjusting for demographic and clinical factors. Results: Patients with metastatic disease were less likely to receive locoregional treatment over time [7.88% in 2004 vs. 5.53% in 2012, adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.97 per year, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.95–0.98; P < 0.001]. Cofactors associated with decreased likelihood for locoregional treatment included older age (AOR = 0.96 per year, 95% CI = 0.96–0.96, P < 0.001) and increased comorbidity level (1 comorbidity: AOR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.73–0.93, P = 0.001; two or more comorbidities: AOR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.39–0.61, P < 0.001). Decreasing utilization of both radiation and surgery of the primary site contributed to this trend. More specifically, patients with metastatic disease were less likely to receive radiation to the prostate and/or pelvis over time (5.9% in 2004 vs. 4.2% in 2012, AOR = 0.97 per year, 95% CI = 0.95–0.99, P < 0.001). Similarly, there was a trend toward decreased use of radical prostatectomy (2.17% in 2004 compared to 1.31% in 2012, AOR = 0.96 per year, 95% CI 0.93–0.99, P = 0.01). Conclusion: Despite recent evidence of the possible benefit for locoregional treatment of prostate cancer in the setting of metastatic disease, rates of prostate radiation and radical prostatectomy among this population have actually declined over the 8-year period between 2004 and 2012, suggesting slow adoption of this novel treatment paradigm.
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    Genetic Determinants of Phosphate Response in Drosophila
    (Public Library of Science, 2013) Bergwitz, Clemens; Wee, Mark J.; Sinha, Sumi; Huang, Joanne Hyunjung; DeRobertis, Charles; Mensah, Lawrence; Cohen, Jonathan; Friedman, Adam A.; Kulkarni, Meghana; Hu, Yanhui; Vinayagam, Arunachalam; Schnall-Levin, Michael; Berger, Bonnie; Perkins, Lizabeth A.; Mohr, Stephanie; Perrimon, Norbert
    Phosphate is required for many important cellular processes and having too little phosphate or too much can cause disease and reduce life span in humans. However, the mechanisms underlying homeostatic control of extracellular phosphate levels and cellular effects of phosphate are poorly understood. Here, we establish Drosophila melanogaster as a model system for the study of phosphate effects. We found that Drosophila larval development depends on the availability of phosphate in the medium. Conversely, life span is reduced when adult flies are cultured on high phosphate medium or when hemolymph phosphate is increased in flies with impaired Malpighian tubules. In addition, RNAi-mediated inhibition of MAPK-signaling by knockdown of Ras85D, phl/D-Raf or Dsor1/MEK affects larval development, adult life span and hemolymph phosphate, suggesting that some in vivo effects involve activation of this signaling pathway by phosphate. To identify novel genetic determinants of phosphate responses, we used Drosophila hemocyte-like cultured cells (S2R+) to perform a genome-wide RNAi screen using MAPK activation as the readout. We identified a number of candidate genes potentially important for the cellular response to phosphate. Evaluation of 51 genes in live flies revealed some that affect larval development, adult life span and hemolymph phosphate levels.