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Murphy, Megan Alicia

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Murphy

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Megan Alicia

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Murphy, Megan Alicia
Author's Publications: search.filters.isAuthorOfPublication.252e4114-30bf-4b08-95f2-390ab0867923

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    Tubal ligation, hysterectomy and epithelial ovarian cancer in the New England Case-Control Study
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2013) Rice, Megan; Murphy, Megan Alicia; Vitonis, Allison F.; Cramer, Daniel; Titus, Linda J.; Tworoger, Shelley; Terry, Kathryn
    Previous studies have observed that tubal ligation and hysterectomy are associated with a decreased risk of ovarian cancer; however little is known about whether these associations vary bysurgical characteristics, individual characteristics, or tumor histology. We used logistic regression to examine tubal ligation, simple hysterectomy, and hysterectomy with unilateral oophorectomy in relation to risk of epithelial ovarian cancer in the New England Case-Control study. Our primary analysis included 2,265 cases and 2,333 controls. Overall, tubal ligation was associated with a lower risk of epithelial ovarian cancer (OR: 0.82, 95%CI: 0.68-0.97), especially for endometrioid tumors (OR=0.45, 95%CI: 0.29-0.69). The inverse association between tubal ligation and ovarian cancer risk was stronger for women who had undergone the procedure at the time of last delivery (OR=0.60, 95%CI: 0.42-0.84) rather than at a later time (OR=0.93, 95%CI: 0.75-1.15). Overall, simple hysterectomy was not associated with ovarian cancer risk (OR: 1.09, 95%CI: 0.83, 1.42), although it was associated with a non-significant decreased risk of ovarian cancer among women who underwent the procedure at age 45 or older (RR: 0.64, 95%CI: 0.40, 1.02) or within the last 10 years (OR=0.65, 95%CI: 0.38, 1.13). Overall, women who had a hysterectomy with a unilateral oophorectomy had significantly lower risk of ovarian cancer (OR=0.65, 95%CI: 0.45-0.94). In summary, tubal ligation and hysterectomy with unilateral oophorectomy were inversely associated with ovarian cancer risk in a large population-based case-control study. Additional research is necessary to understand the potential biologic mechanisms by which these procedures may reduce ovarian cancer risk.
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    Dietary fat intake and risk of ovarian cancer in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study
    (Nature Publishing Group, 2012) Blank, M M; Wentzensen, N; Murphy, Megan Alicia; Hollenbeck, A; Park, Y
    Background: Fat intake has been postulated to increase risk of ovarian cancer, but previous studies have reported inconsistent results. Methods: The NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study, a large prospective cohort, assessed diet using a food frequency questionnaire at baseline in 1995–1996. During an average of 9 years of follow-up, 695 ovarian cancer cases were ascertained through the state cancer registry database. The relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using a Cox proportional hazard model. Results: Women in the highest vs the lowest quintile of total fat intake had a 28% increased risk of ovarian cancer (RRQ5 vs Q1=1.28, 95% CI: 1.01–1.63). Fat intake from animal sources (RRQ5 vs Q1=1.30; 95% CI: 1.02–1.66), but not from plant sources, was positively associated with ovarian cancer risk. Saturated and monounsaturated fat intakes were not related to risk of ovarian cancer, but polyunsaturated fat intake showed a weak positive association. The association between total fat intake and ovarian cancer was stronger in women who were nulliparous or never used oral contraceptives. Conclusion: Fat intake, especially from animal sources, was related to an increased risk of ovarian cancer. The association may be modified by parity and oral contraceptive use, which warrants further investigation.