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Uno, Hajime

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Uno

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Hajime

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Uno, Hajime

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2010 - 20122

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Author's Publications: search.filters.isAuthorOfPublication.28530b6e-f709-47fe-8464-fbb71b8b442d

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    Monocyte Activation Markers in Cerebrospinal Fluid Associated With Impaired Neurocognitive Testing in Advanced HIV Infection
    (Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health), 2012-07-01) Kamat, Anupa; Lyons, Jennifer; Misra, Vikas; Uno, Hajime; Morgello, Susan; Singer, Elyse J.; Gabuzda, Dana
    Background Activated monocytes/macrophages play a role in severe forms of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), but little is known about mechanisms driving milder forms that are prevalent despite combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). To examine relationships of monocyte activation markers to HAND of varying severity, we compared plasma and CSF biomarker levels to neurocognitive test scores in HIV+ subjects. Methods Plasma and CSF sCD14, CCL2, and IL-6 were measured by ELISA in 67 HIV+ subjects with nadir CD4 <300, and CSF inflammatory biomarkers were measured by multiplex assay in 14 subjects on suppressive cART. Results 82% were on cART, with 31% having undetectable plasma VL. CSF sCD14 was increased in subjects with impaired neurocognitive testing (p=0.02), correlated inversely with global T scores in subjects with detectable but not undetectable plasma VL (p=0.02), and yielded higher AUROC values for predicting impaired T scores (0.659) than plasma or CSF VL and current or nadir CD4 counts in single-marker and multivariate models. CSF sCD14, IL-6, IL-8, CCL2, CCL3, CXCL10, and IFNγ were increased in subjects on suppressive cART regardless of cognitive status and predicted patient class in unsupervised analyses, with IL-8, CCL2, and IFNγ explaining most of the variance. Conclusions CSF sCD14 is associated with impaired neurocognitive testing in HIV patients on nonsuppressive cART, suggesting potential utility as a biomarker to monitor HAND progression. CSF sCD14, IL-6, IL-8, CCL2, CCL3, CXCL10, and IFNγ remain elevated in patients on suppressive cART regardless of cognitive status, implying ongoing intrathecal inflammation even in the absence of clinical manifestations.
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    Clinical Consequences of Road Traffic Injuries Among the Elderly in Japan
    (BioMed Central, 2010) Nagata, Takashi; Uno, Hajime; Perry, Melissa J.
    Background: Road traffic injuries among the elderly have recently become a public health issue; therefore, we investigated the clinical characteristics of such injuries among the elderly in Japan. Methods: A retrospective study was performed using data from a medium-sized hospital emergency department. Data were extracted from medical records for one year, and patients were categorized into groups ages 18-64, 65-74 and 75+. Variables included demographic characteristics, injury circumstances, and nature of injury. Univariate and bivariate descriptive statistical analyses were performed, and multivariate logistic regression was used to evaluate injury severity and hospital admission by age groups. Results: A total of 1,656 patients were studied. Patients aged 65+ had more chest wall injury, intracranial injury, lower extremity fracture, and intrathoracic injury than patients aged 18-64. Conclusions: Injury circumstances and nature of injuries associated with traffic incidents showed different patterns by age groups, particularly among the elderly.