Person: Arruda, Ana
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Arruda
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Ana
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Arruda, Ana
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Publication Uncoupling of Metabolic Health from Longevity through Genetic Alteration of Adipose Tissue Lipid-Binding Proteins(Elsevier BV, 2017) Charles, Khanichi N.; Li, Min-Dian; Engin, Feyza; Arruda, Ana; Inouye, Karen; Hotamisligil, GokhanDeterioration of metabolic health is a hallmark of aging and generally assumed to be detrimental to longevity. Exposure to a high-calorie diet impairs metabolism and accelerates aging; conversely, calorie restriction (CR) prevents age-related metabolic diseases and extends lifespan. However, it is unclear whether preservation of metabolic health is sufficient to extend lifespan. We utilized a genetic mouse model lacking Fabp4/5 that confers protection against metabolic diseases and shares molecular and lipidomic features with CR to address this question. Fabp-deficient mice exhibit extended metabolic healthspan, with protection against insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, inflammation, deterioration of adipose tissue integrity, and fatty liver disease. Surprisingly, however, Fabp-deficient mice did not exhibit any extension of lifespan. These data indicate that extension of metabolic healthspan in the absence of CR can be uncoupled from lifespan, indicating the potential for independent drivers of these pathways, at least in laboratory mice.Publication Defective STIM-mediated store operated Ca2+ entry in hepatocytes leads to metabolic dysfunction in obesity(eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd, 2017) Arruda, Ana; Pers, Benedicte Mengel; Parlakgul, Gunes; Guney, Ekin; Goh, Ted; Cagampan, Erika; Lee, Grace Yankun; Goncalves, Renata; Hotamisligil, GokhanDefective Ca2+ handling is a key mechanism underlying hepatic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dysfunction in obesity. ER Ca2+ level is in part monitored by the store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) system, an adaptive mechanism that senses ER luminal Ca2+ concentrations through the STIM proteins and facilitates import of the ion from the extracellular space. Here, we show that hepatocytes from obese mice displayed significantly diminished SOCE as a result of impaired STIM1 translocation, which was associated with aberrant STIM1 O-GlycNAcylation. Primary hepatocytes deficient in STIM1 exhibited elevated cellular stress as well as impaired insulin action, increased glucose production and lipid droplet accumulation. Additionally, mice with acute liver deletion of STIM1 displayed systemic glucose intolerance. Conversely, over-expression of STIM1 in obese mice led to increased SOCE, which was sufficient to improve systemic glucose tolerance. These findings demonstrate that SOCE is an important mechanism for healthy hepatic Ca2+ balance and systemic metabolic control.Publication Brown adipose tissue thermogenic adaptation requires Nrf1-mediated proteasomal activity(Springer Nature, 2018) Bartelt, Alexander; Widenmaier, Scott; Schlein, Christian; Johann, Kornelia; Goncalves, Renata; Eguchi, Kosei; Fischer, Alexander W; Parlakgul, Gunes; Snyder, Nicole; Nguyen, Truc B; Bruns, Oliver T; Franke, Daniel; Bawendi, Moungi G; Lynes, Matthew; Leiria, Luiz O; Tseng, Yu-Hua; Inouye, Karen; Arruda, Ana; Hotamisligil, GokhanObjective Brown adipose tissue (BAT) generates heat in response to cold, and low BAT activity has been linked to obesity. However, recent studies were inconclusive as to whether BAT is involved in diet‐induced thermogenesis and mitigates weight gain from prolonged overeating. Therefore, this study investigated whether BAT activity is related to metabolic adaptation arising from 8 weeks of overfeeding in humans. Methods Fourteen men (aged 24 ± 3 years, BMI 24.5 ± 1.6 kg/m2) were overfed by 40% for 8 weeks. Before and after, energy expenditure and metabolic adaptation were measured by whole‐room respiratory calorimetry. A marker of BAT activity was measured using infrared imaging of the supraclavicular BAT depot. Results At the end of 8 weeks of overfeeding, metabolic adaptation—defined as the percent increase in sleeping energy expenditure beyond that expected from weight gain—rose from −0.9 ± 3.9% to 4.7 ± 5.6% (P = 0.001). However, BAT thermal activity was unchanged (P = 0.81). Moreover, BAT thermal activity did not correlate with the degree of metabolic adaptation (P = 0.32) or with the change in body weight (P = 0.51). Conclusions BAT thermal activity does not change in response to overfeeding, nor does it correlate with adaptive thermogenesis. Our data suggest that BAT does not mediate metabolic adaptation to overeating in humans.Publication Chronic enrichment of hepatic ER-mitochondria contact sites leads to calcium dependent mitochondrial dysfunction in obesity(2015) Arruda, Ana; Pers, Benedicte Mengel; Parlakgul, Gunes; Guney, Ekin; Inouye, Karen; Hotamisligil, GokhanProper function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria is critical for cellular homeostasis, and dysfunction at either site has been linked to pathophysiological states including metabolic diseases. Although ER and mitochondria play distinct cellular roles, these organelles also form physical interactions at sites defined as mitochondria associated ER-membranes (MAMs), which are essential for Ca2+, lipid and metabolite exchange. Here we show that in the liver, obesity leads to a significant reorganization of MAMs resulting in mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, compromised mitochondrial oxidative capacity and augmented oxidative stress. Experimental induction of ER-mitochondria interactions results in oxidative stress and impaired metabolic homeostasis, while down-regulation of PACS-2 or IP3R1, proteins important for ER-mitochondria tethering and calcium transport respectively, improves mitochondrial oxidative capacity and insulin sensitivity in obese animals. These findings establish excessive ER-mitochondrial coupling as an essential component of organelle dysfunction in obesity, which may contribute to the development of metabolic pathologies such as insulin resistance.