Person:

Burns, Michele

Scholarly communication in science, technology and medicine has been organized around journal-based scientific publishing for the past 350 years. Scientific publishing has unique business models and includes stakeholders with conflicting interests – publishers, funders, libraries, and scholars who create, curate, and consume the literature. Massive growth and change in scholarly communication, coinciding with digitalization, have amplified stresses inherent in traditional scientific publishing as evidenced by overwhelmed editors and reviewers, increased retraction rates, emergence of pseudo-journals, strained library budgets, and debates about the metrics of academic recognition for scholarly achievements. Simultaneously, several open access models are gaining traction and online technologies offer opportunities to augment traditional tasks of scientific publishing, develop integrated discovery services, and establish global and equitable scholarly communication through crowdsourcing, software development, big data management and machine learning. These rapidly evolving developments raise financial, legal and ethical dilemmas that require solutions while successful strategies are difficult to predict. Key challenges and trends are reviewed from the authors’ perspective about how to engage the scholarly community in this multifaceted process.

A five-year-old male presented to the emergency department (ED) after falling off a stool while brushing his teeth, resulting in a penetrating oropharyngeal injury. The toothbrush was impaled deeply into the left lateral soft palate with only the handle of the toothbrush visible protruding from the mouth. The patient was hemodynamically stable and was comfortable in the arms of his mother after a single dose of fentanyl. A computed tomography angiography (CTA) with three-dimensional reconstructions was performed without sedation, which showed the tip of the toothbrush terminating adjacent to the alveolar and pterygoid branches of the external carotid artery...