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Guo, Chengchen

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Guo, Chengchen

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    Thermoplastic Moulding of Regenerated Silk
    (Nature Publishing Group, 2020-01) Guo, Chengchen; Li, Chunmei; Vu, Hiep; Hanna, Philip; Lechtig, Aron; Qiu, Yimin; Mu, Xuan; Ling, Shengjie; Nazarian, Ara; Lin, Samuel; Kaplan, David
    Early insights into the unique structure and properties of native silk suggested that β-sheet nanocrystallites in silk would degrade prior to melting when subjected to thermal processing. Since then, canonical approaches for fabricating silk-based materials typically involve solution-derived processing methods, which have inherent limitations with respect to silk protein solubility, stability in solution, and time and cost efficiency. Here we report a thermal processing method for the direct solid-state molding of regenerated silk into bulk ‘parts’ or devices with tunable mechanical properties. At elevated temperature and pressure, regenerated amorphous silk nanomaterials with ultralow β-sheet content undergo thermal fusion via molecular rearrangement and self-assembly assisted by bound water to form a robust bulk material that retains biocompatibility, degradability and machinability. This transformative technique reverses presumptions about the limitations of direct thermal processing of silk into a wide range of new material formats and composite materials with tailored properties and functionalities.