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Del Re, Elisabetta

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Del Re

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Elisabetta

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Del Re, Elisabetta

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2015 - 20182

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Author's Publications: search.filters.isAuthorOfPublication.3fba3040-b033-497f-b184-1576dbc6d2da

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    O6.4. AUDITORY AND LANGUAGE AREAS DISTINGUISH CONVERTERS FROM NON–CONVERTERS AT BASELINE IN SHARP CLINICAL HIGH-RISK SUBJECTS FOR PSYCHOSIS STUDY
    (Oxford University Press, 2018) Del Re, Elisabetta; Stone, William; Bouix, Sylvain; Somes, Nathaniel; Li, Huijun; Tang, YinYin; Zhang, TianHong; Whitfield-Gabrieli, Susan; McCarley, Robert; Seidman, Larry J; Keshavan, Matcheri; Wang, JiJun; Shenton, Martha; Niznikiewicz, Margaret
    Abstract Background: Frontal and temporal lobes abnormalities are often reported in schizophrenia. In the present study, we tested whether or not these abnormalities exist in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR), and whether they distinguish between those CHR who convert to psychosis versus those who do not convert to psychosis at one year. We analyzed both cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA) given the fact that CT and SA develop along different developmental genetically mediated pathways. Since CHR individuals also experience a deterioration of cognitive functions and sub-threshold psychotic symptoms, we also explored the relationship between cognition and symptomatology and the two brain regions. Methods: Magnetic resonance images, clinical and cognitive data were acquired in 130 CHR who did not convert to psychosis (CHR-NC), 22 CHR who converted to psychosis (CHR-C) and 92 healthy controls (HC) at the Shanghai Mental Health Center, in Shanghai, China, who were tested as part of a NIH funded China and Harvard Medical School collaboration. An internal pipeline developed at the Psychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory (PNL), Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, was used to process the scans. The pipeline includes several quality control steps and FreeSurfer 5.3 (FS) processing, the latter modified to include an automated PNL developed masking methodology, the MABS. FS output was 9 temporal and 11 frontal regions in the left and right hemisphere. All data were Z-scored to the mean and standard deviation of HC. Gender and group differences were investigated using multivariate analyses, and Spearman’s correlations were employed to investigate the relationship between brain measures and cognitive and clinical measures. Results: SA analysis of the frontal and temporal lobes showed no significant differences among the three groups, while specific and significant group differences were found in CT. More specifically, for the temporal lobe a main effect of Group (p=0.021) and a significant interaction of Region x Group (p=0.01) were found. Post hoc analyses showed that CT of Heschl’s gyrus and of the posterior region of the superior temporal sulcus distinguished CHR-C from CHR-NC (p=0.027) and from NC (p=0.002), with CT of CHR
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    Clinical high risk and first episode schizophrenia: Auditory event-related potentials
    (Elsevier BV, 2015) Del Re, Elisabetta; Spencer, Kevin; Oribe, Naoya; Mesholam-Gately, Raquelle; Goldstein, Jill; Shenton, Martha; Petryshen, Tracey L.; Seidman, Larry Joel; McCarley, Robert William; Niznikiewicz, Margaret
    The clinical high risk (CHR) period is a phase denoting a risk for overt psychosis during which subacute symptoms often appear, and cognitive functions may deteriorate. To compare biological indices during this phase with those during first episode schizophrenia, we cross-sectionally examined sex- and age-matched clinical high risk (CHR, n=21), first episode schizophrenia patients (FESZ, n=20) and matched healthy controls (HC, n=25) on oddball and novelty paradigms and assessed the N100, P200, P3a and P3b as indices of perceptual, attentional and working memory processes. To our knowledge, this is the only such comparison using all of these event-related potentials (ERPs) in two paradigms. We hypothesized that the ERPs would differentiate between the three groups and allow prediction of a diagnostic group. The majority of ERPs were significantly affected in CHR and FESZ compared with controls, with similar effect sizes. Nonetheless, in logistic regression, only the P3a and N100 distinguished CHR and FESZ from healthy controls, suggesting that ERPs not associated with an overt task might be more sensitive to prediction of group membership.