Person: Liebmann, Matthew
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Liebmann
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Matthew
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Liebmann, Matthew
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Publication At the Mouth of the Wolf: The Archaeology of Seventeenth-Century Franciscans in the Jemez Valley of New Mexico(Academy of American Franciscan History, 2018-05-07) Liebmann, MatthewPublication Losing Control in the American Southwest(John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2018-02-23) Liebmann, MatthewThis chapter details a collaborative research project initiated at the request of a Native American tribe (Jemez Pueblo) in the Southwest United States. The tribe was interested in documenting their ancestral ties to the Valles Caldera National Preserve, a place of sacred importance. However, this landscape is largely devoid of artifacts harboring a clear ethnic signature. Our solution to this conundrum was to conduct a study of obsidian artifacts found in association with ancestral Jemez pueblo villages dating to A.D. 1200-1700. We used a strategy of surface collection and x-ray fluorescence to establish links between the archaeological record and this sacred landscape. This research serves as an example of one of the primary challenges facing archaeologists engaged in collaboration with descendant communities: giving up control over the research process. If we view this loss of control not as an obstacle but as an opportunity to explore innovative new research agendas, archaeology stands to benefit from collaboration in ways we cannot yet imagine.Publication Multiscale perspectives of fire, climate and humans in western North America and the Jemez Mountains, USA(The Royal Society, 2016) Swetnam, Thomas W.; Farella, Joshua; Roos, Christopher I.; Liebmann, Matthew; Falk, Donald A.; Allen, Craig D.Interannual climate variations have been important drivers of wildfire occurrence in ponderosa pine forests across western North America for at least 400 years, but at finer scales of mountain ranges and landscapes human land uses sometimes over-rode climate influences. We reconstruct and analyse effects of high human population densities in forests of the Jemez Mountains, New Mexico from ca 1300 CE to Present. Prior to the 1680 Pueblo Revolt, human land uses reduced the occurrence of widespread fires while simultaneously adding more ignitions resulting in many small-extent fires. During the 18th and 19th centuries, wet/dry oscillations and their effects on fuels dynamics controlled widespread fire occurrence. In the late 19th century, intensive livestock grazing disrupted fuels continuity and fire spread and then active fire suppression maintained the absence of widespread surface fires during most of the 20th century. The abundance and continuity of fuels is the most important controlling variable in fire regimes of these semi-arid forests. Reduction of widespread fires owing to reduction of fuel continuity emerges as a hallmark of extensive human impacts on past forests and fire regimes. This article is part of the themed issue ‘The interaction of fire and mankind’.Publication The Mickey Mouse Kachina and Other "Double Objects": Hybridity in the Material Culture of Colonial Encounters(2015) Liebmann, MatthewHybridity is a term used by anthropologists to characterize the amalgamation of influences from two (or more) different cultural groups. Hybridity has captivated archaeology in recent years, especially archaeologists investigating colonialism in Native American contexts. At the same time, a growing chorus of critics has begun to question anthropology’s devotion to hybridity and hybrid objects. These critics take issue with the term’s alleged Eurocentrism, implications of cultural purity, and evolutionary etymology. In this article I address these critiques and advocate a more circumscribed use of hybridity in archaeology. I caution against the abandonment of the term entirely, because the archaeological identification of hybridity provides insights into both present-day (etic) and past (emic) perspectives on cultural amalgamation. Hybridity reveals the biases of contemporary researchers regarding the societies we study, as well as highlighting the ways in which power structures centered and marginalized colonial subjects in the past. To illustrate these points I draw on case studies involving the Hopi Mickey Mouse kachina, eighteenth- and nineteenth-century Indigenous-colonial whips from the American Plains and southeast Australia, and seventeenth-century Pueblo ceramics from the American Southwest.Publication Is Poverty in Our Genes?(University of Chicago Press, 2013) d’Alpoim Guedes, Jade; Bestor, Theodore; Carrasco, David; Flad, Rowan; Fosse, Ethan; Herzfeld, Michael; Lamberg-Karlovsky, Carl C.; Lewis, Cecil M.; Liebmann, Matthew; Meadow, Richard; Patterson, Nick; Price, Max Daniel; Reiches, Meredith; Richardson, Sarah; Shattuck-Heidorn, Heather; Ur, Jason; Urton, Gary; Warinner, ChristinaWe present a critique of a paper written by two economists, Quamrul Ashraf and Oded Galor, which is forthcoming in the American Economic Review and which was uncritically highlighted in Science magazine. Their paper claims there is a causal effect of genetic diversity on economic success, positing that too much or too little genetic diversity constrains development. In particular, they argue that “the high degree of diversity among African populations and the low degree of diversity among Native American populations have been a detrimental force in the development of these regions.” We demonstrate that their argument is seriously flawed on both factual and methodological grounds. As economists and other social scientists begin exploring newly available genetic data, it is crucial to remember that nonexperts broadcasting bold claims on the basis of weak data and methods can have profoundly detrimental social and political effects.Publication Parsing Hybridity: Archaeologies of Amalgamation in Seventeenth-Century New Mexico(Center for Archaeological Investigations, SIU-Carbondale., 2013-05-08) Liebmann, MatthewIn recent years, archaeologists have used the term hybridity with increasing frequency to describe and interpret amalgamated forms of material culture. But do postcolonial notions of hybridity (sensu Bhabha 1994; Hall 1990; Young 1995) differ in any meaningful ways from models of cultural mixture traditionally employed by anthropologists such as syncretism, creolization, and acculturation? Or is this simply a matter of semantics, citation practices, and the adoption of yet another example of trendy anthropological jargon by archaeologists? In this chapter I consider the meanings associated with the concept of hybridity, exploring what this term offers for the archaeological interpretation of colonial encounters. In doing so, I compare and contrast hybridity with acculturation, syncretism, bricolage, creolization, and mestizaje in order to identify the subtly differing connotations of these concepts, as well as highlighting the contributions that postcolonial notions of hybridity offer for contemporary archaeology through a case study from the seventeenth-century Pueblos of the American Southwest.Publication Rethinking the Archaeology of "Rebels, Backsliders, and Idolaters"(SAR Press, 2011) Liebmann, Matthew; Murphy, Melissa ScottPublication The Battle of Astialakwa: Conflict Archaeology of the Spanish Reconquest in Northern New Mexico(Society for American Archaeology, 2010) Liebmann, MatthewPublication The Best of Times, the Worst of Times: Pueblo Resistance and Accommodation during the Spanish Reconquista of New Mexico(SAR Press, 2011) Liebmann, MatthewPublication The Intersections of Archaeology and Postcolonial Studies(Altamira Press, 2008) Liebmann, Matthew