Person: Cherniack, Andrew
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Publication Integrative Genomic Analysis of Cholangiocarcinoma Identifies Distinct IDH-Mutant Molecular Profiles
(2017) Farshidfar, Farshad; Zheng, Siyuan; Gingras, Marie-Claude; Newton, Yulia; Shih, Juliann; Robertson, A. Gordon; Hinoue, Toshinori; Hoadley, Katherine A.; Gibb, Ewan A.; Roszik, Jason; Covington, Kyle R.; Wu, Chia-Chin; Shinbrot, Eve; Stransky, Nicolas; Hegde, Apurva; Yang, Ju Dong; Reznik, Ed; Sadeghi, Sara; Pedamallu, Chandra Sekhar; Ojesina, Akinyemi I.; Hess, Julian M.; Auman, J. Todd; Rhie, Suhn K.; Bowlby, Reanne; Borad, Mitesh J.; Zhu, Andrew; Stuart, Josh M.; Sander, Chris; Akbani, Rehan; Cherniack, Andrew; Deshpande, Vikram; Mounajjed, Taofic; Foo, Wai Chin; Torbenson, Michael S.; Kleiner, David E.; Laird, Peter W.; Wheeler, David A.; McRee, Autumn J.; Bathe, Oliver F.; Andersen, Jesper B.; Bardeesy, Nabeel; Roberts, Lewis R.; Kwong, Lawrence N.Summary Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is an aggressive malignancy of the bile ducts, with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. Here, we describe the integrated analysis of somatic mutations, RNA expression, copy number, and DNA methylation by The Cancer Genome Atlas of a set of predominantly intrahepatic CCA cases and propose a molecular classification scheme. We identified an IDH mutant-enriched subtype with distinct molecular features including low expression of chromatin modifiers, elevated expression of mitochondrial genes, and increased mitochondrial DNA copy number. Leveraging the multi-platform data, we observed that ARID1A exhibited DNA hypermethylation and decreased expression in the IDH mutant subtype. More broadly, we found that IDH mutations are associated with an expanded histological spectrum of liver tumors with molecular features that stratify with CCA. Our studies reveal insights into the molecular pathogenesis and heterogeneity of cholangiocarcinoma and provide classification information of potential therapeutic significance.
Publication Genomic and Molecular Landscape of DNA Damage Repair Deficiency across The Cancer Genome Atlas
(2018) Knijnenburg, Theo A.; Wang, Linghua; Zimmermann, Michael T.; Chambwe, Nyasha; Gao, Galen F.; Cherniack, Andrew; Fan, Huihui; Shen, Hui; Way, Gregory P.; Greene, Casey S.; Liu, Yuexin; Akbani, Rehan; Feng, Bin; Donehower, Lawrence A.; Miller, Chase; Shen, Yang; Karimi, Mostafa; Chen, Haoran; Kim, Pora; Jia, Peilin; Shinbrot, Eve; Zhang, Shaojun; Liu, Jianfang; Hu, Hai; Bailey, Matthew H.; Yau, Christina; Wolf, Denise; Zhao, Zhongming; Weinstein, John N.; Li, Lei; Ding, Li; Mills, Gordon B.; Laird, Peter W.; Wheeler, David A.; Shmulevich, Ilya; Monnat, Raymond J; Xiao, Yonghong; Wang, ChenSUMMARY DNA damage repair (DDR) pathways modulate cancer risk, progression, and therapeutic response. We systematically analyzed somatic alterations to provide a comprehensive view of DDR deficiency across 33 cancer types. Mutations with accompanying loss of heterozygosity were observed in over 1/3 of DDR genes, including TP53 and BRCA1/2. Other prevalent alterations included epigenetic silencing of the direct repair genes EXO5, MGMT, and ALKBH3 in ~20% of samples. Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) was present at varying frequency in many cancer types, most notably ovarian cancer. However, in contrast to ovarian cancer, HRD was associated with worse outcomes in several other cancers. Protein structure-based analyses allowed us to predict functional consequences of rare, recurrent DDR mutations. A new machine-learning-based classifier developed from gene expression data allowed us to identify alterations that phenocopy deleterious TP53 mutations. These frequent DDR gene alterations in many human cancers have functional consequences that may determine cancer progression and guide therapy.