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Moore, Mary

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Moore

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Moore, Mary

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2014 - 20162

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Author's Publications: search.filters.isAuthorOfPublication.70c28e11-26b3-404c-aa49-02bf7a4a95c4

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    A moisture budget perspective of the amount effect
    (Wiley-Blackwell, 2014) Moore, Mary; Kuang, Zhiming; Blossey, P. N.
    A stable water isotopologue-enabled cloud-resolving model was used to investigate the cause of the amount effect on the seasonal (or longer) time scales. When the total water (vapor and condensed phase) budget of the precipitating column of air is considered, our results indicate that as convection becomes stronger and the precipitation rate increases, the δD of precipitation (δDp) depends on the isotopic composition of the converged vapor more than that of surface evaporation. Tests with disabled fractionation from rain evaporation demonstrate that this mechanism does not account for the amount effect as has been previously suggested. If the isotopic content of converged vapor is made uniform with height with a value characteristic of surface evaporation, the amount effect largely disappears, further supporting the dominance of converged vapor in changes to the δDp signal with increasing precipitation. δDp values were compared to the water budget term math formula, where P is precipitation and E is evaporation. Results from this comparison support the overall conclusion that moisture convergence is central in determining the value of δDp and the strength of the amount effect in steady state.
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    Stable Water Isotopes as Tracers in Global Precipitation
    (2016-05-10) Moore, Mary; Kuang, Zhiming; Huybers, Peter; Tziperman, Eli
    Stable water isotopes (H2O, H18O, and HDO) are incorporated into the microphysics schemes of two different atmospheric models. This thesis describes the use of these molecules as tracers in precipitation budgets to assess the processes controlling the isotopic signatures of precipitation in the tropics and orographic snow in the mid-latitudes. The idealized simulations of seasonal precipitation budgets in the tropics determine that increased vapor convergence during intense precipitation is most important for setting the isotopic composition of the convective precipitation. The isotopic signal of the converged vapor is more important than the local evaporation and smaller scale post-condensational processes. Flow over a 2D-mountain and realistic simulations of orographic clouds show that the isotopic signature of precipitation is more sensitive to changes in mountain height and initial temperature profiles than to the cloud droplet number concentration. Riming of cloud liquid and vapor deposition onto ice are the largest source terms for orographic precipitation, and have distinct isotopic signatures that are altitude-dependent. When riming is the larger source term, precipitation tends to be more enriched than when vapor deposition dominates.