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Schwarz, Thomas

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Schwarz

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Thomas

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Schwarz, Thomas

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2016 - 20172

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Author's Publications: search.filters.isAuthorOfPublication.7b0fdbd7-2bd2-4792-b378-f622850d9bfb

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    A high mitochondrial transport rate characterizes CNS neurons with high axonal regeneration capacity
    (Public Library of Science, 2017) Cartoni, Romain; Pekkurnaz, Gulcin; Wang, Chen; Schwarz, Thomas; He, Zhigang
    Improving axonal transport in the injured and diseased central nervous system has been proposed as a promising strategy to improve neuronal repair. However, the contribution of each cargo to the repair mechanism is unknown. DRG neurons globally increase axonal transport during regeneration. Because the transport of specific cargos after axonal insult has not been examined systematically in a model of enhanced regenerative capacity, it is unknown whether the transport of all cargos would be modulated equally in injured central nervous system neurons. Here, using a microfluidic culture system we compared neurons co-deleted for PTEN and SOCS3, an established model of high axonal regeneration capacity, to control neurons. We measured the axonal transport of three cargos (mitochondria, synaptic vesicles and late endosomes) in regenerating axons and found that the transport of mitochondria, but not the other cargos, was increased in PTEN/SOCS3 co-deleted axons relative to controls. The results reported here suggest a pivotal role for this organelle during axonal regeneration.
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    Filamin, a synaptic organizer in Drosophila, determines glutamate receptor composition and membrane growth
    (eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd, 2016) Lee, GaYoung; Schwarz, Thomas
    Filamin is a scaffolding protein that functions in many cells as an actin-crosslinker. FLN90, an isoform of the Drosophila ortholog Filamin/cheerio that lacks the actin-binding domain, is here shown to govern the growth of postsynaptic membrane folds and the composition of glutamate receptor clusters at the larval neuromuscular junction. Genetic and biochemical analyses revealed that FLN90 is present surrounding synaptic boutons. FLN90 is required in the muscle for localization of the kinase dPak and, downstream of dPak, for localization of the GTPase Ral and the exocyst complex to this region. Consequently, Filamin is needed for growth of the subsynaptic reticulum. In addition, in the absence of filamin, type-A glutamate receptor subunits are lacking at the postsynapse, while type-B subunits cluster correctly. Receptor composition is dependent on dPak, but independent of the Ral pathway. Thus two major aspects of synapse formation, morphological plasticity and subtype-specific receptor clustering, require postsynaptic Filamin. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.19991.001