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Block, Maxwell

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    Scalable spin squeezing from finite-temperature easy-plane magnetism
    (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2024-07-29) Block, Maxwell; Ye, Bingtian; Roberts, Brenden; Chern, Sabrina; Weijie, Wu; Zilin, Wang; Pollet, Lode; Davis, Emily J.; Helperin, Bertrand I.; Yao, Norman Y.
    Spin squeezing is a form of entanglement that reshapes the quantum projection noise to improve measurement precision. Here, we provide numerical and analytic evidence for the following conjecture: any Hamiltonian exhibiting finite-temperature easy-plane ferromagnetism can be used to generate scalable spin squeezing, thereby enabling quantum-enhanced sensing. Our conjecture is guided by a connection between the quantum Fisher information of pure states and the spontaneous breaking of a continuous symmetry. We demonstrate that spin squeezing exhibits a phase diagram with a sharp transition between scalable squeezing and non-squeezing. This transition coincides with the equilibrium phase boundary for XY order at a finite temperature. In the scalable squeezing phase, we predict a sensitivity scaling that lies between the standard quantum limit and the scaling achieved in all-to-all coupled one-axis twisting models. A corollary of our conjecture is that short-ranged versions of two-axis twisting cannot yield scalable metrological gain. Our results provide insights into the landscape of Hamiltonians that can be used to generate metrologically useful quantum states.