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Torres, Carlos

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Torres

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Carlos

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Torres, Carlos
Author's Publications: search.filters.isAuthorOfPublication.92fc9f25-d14f-4074-9d6c-e1be543c5305

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    Improving transgender health by building safe clinical environments that promote existing resilience: Results from a qualitative analysis of providers
    (BioMed Central, 2015) Torres, Carlos; Renfrew, Megan; Kenst, Karey; Tan-McGrory, Aswita; Betancourt, Joseph; LĆ³pez, Lenny
    Background: Transgender (TG) individuals experience discordance between their sex at birth and their gender identity. To better understand the health care needs and characteristics of TG youth that contribute to resilience, we conducted a qualitative study with clinical and non-clinical providers. Methods: In-depth interviews were conducted of providers (n = 11) of TG youth (ages 13ā€“21). Convenience and purposive sampling were used to recruit participants in the Boston area. All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. An interview guide of 14 open-ended questions was used to guide the discussion. A grounded theory approach was utilized to code and analyze the data, including double-coding to address issues of inter-rater reliability. Results: Five primary themes emerged: 1) resilience of TG youth 2) lack of access to services that influence health, 3) the critical role of social support, 4) challenges in navigating the health care system, and 5) the need for trans-affirming competency training for providers and frontline staff. Conclusion: The findings of this study show that providers recognize multiple barriers and challenges in the care of TG youth. However, they also identify the resilience exhibited by many youth. We propose that providers can further enhance the resilience of TG youth and help them flourish by offering them necessary resources via the creation of safe and welcoming clinical environments.
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    The Impact of Large-Scale Social Media Advertising Campaigns on COVID-19 Vaccination: Evidence from Two Randomized Controlled Trials
    (Harvard Kennedy School, 2022-11) Ho, Lisa; Breza, Emily; Alsan, Marcella; Banerjee, Abhijit; Chandrasekhar, Arun G.; Stanford, Fatima; Fior, Renato; Goldsmith-Pinkham, Paul; Holland, Kelly; Hoppe, Emily; Jean, Louis-Maƫl; Ogbu-Nwobodo, Lucy; Olken, Benjamin A.; Torres, Carlos; Vautrey, Pierre-Luc; Warner, Erica; Duflo, Esther
    COVID-19 vaccines are widely available in wealthy countries, yet many people remain unvaccinated. Understanding the effectiveness -- or lack thereof -- of popular vaccination campaign strategies is therefore critical. In this paper, we report results from two studies that tested strategies central to current vaccination outreach: (1) direct communication by health professionals addressing questions about vaccination and (2) efforts to motivate individuals to promote vaccination within their social networks. Near the peak of the Omicron wave, doctor- and nurse-produced videos were disseminated to 17.8 million Facebook users in the US and 11.5 million in France. In both countries, we cannot reject the null of no effect of any of the interventions on any of the outcome variables (first doses - US and France, second doses and boosters - US). We can reject very small effects on first doses during the interventions in both countries (0.16pp - US, 0.021pp - France). In contrast with similar campaigns earlier in the pandemic to encourage health-preserving behaviors, messaging at this stage of the pandemic -- whether aimed at the unvaccinated or those tasked with encouraging others -- did not change vaccination decisions.