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Isakov, Michael

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Isakov, Michael

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Author's Publications: search.filters.isAuthorOfPublication.93e2686c-8b07-471c-a3ac-ab68e31fa915

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    Behavioral correlates of cheating: Environmental specificity and reward expectation
    (Public Library of Science (PLoS), 2017) Isakov, Michael; Tripathy, Arnav
    Academic dishonesty has been and continues to be a major problem in America’s schools and universities. Such dishonesty is especially important in high schools, where grades earned directly impact the academic careers of students for many years to come. The rising pressure to get the best grades in school, get into the best college, and land the best paying job is a cycle that has made academic dishonesty increase exponentially. Thus, finding the widespread roots of cheating is more important now than ever. In this study, we focus on how societal norms and interactions with peers influence lying about scores in order to obtain a benefit in a high school population. We show that (1) the societal norms that go hand in hand with test-taking in school, as administered by a teacher, significantly dampen small-scale dishonesty, perhaps suggesting that context-dependent rewards offset cheating; (2) providing reminders of societal norms via pre-reported average scores leads to more truthful self-reporting of honesty; (3) the matrix search task was shown to not depend on class difficulty, confirming its effectiveness as an appropriate method for this study; (4) males seem to cheat more than females; and (5) teenagers are more dishonest earlier in the day. We suggest that students understand that cheating is wrong, an idea backed up by the literature, and that an environment which clearly does not condone dishonesty helps dampen widespread cheating in certain instances. This dampening effect seems to be dependent on the reward that students thought they would get for exaggerating their performance.
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    Large-Scale Migration into Britain During the Middle to Late Bronze Age
    (SpringerNature, 2021-12-22) Patterson, Nicholas; Isakov, Michael; Booth, Thomas; Büster, Lindsey; Fischer, Claire-Elise; Olalde, Inigo; Ringbauer, Harald; Akbari, Ali; Cheronet, Olivia; Bleasdale, Madeleine; Adamski, Nicole; Altena, Eveline; Bernardos, Rebecca; Brace, Selina; Broomandkhoshbacht, Nasreen; Callan, Kimberly; Candilio, Francesca; Culleton, Brendan; Curtis, Elizabeth; Demetz, Lea; Carlson, Kellie; Edwards, C.; Fernandes, Daniel M.; Foody, M. George B.; Freilich, Suzanne; Goodchild, Helen; Kearns, Aisling; Lawson, Ann Marie; Lazaridis, Iosif; Mah, Matthew; Mallick, Swapan; Mandl, Kirsten; Micco, Adam; Michel, Megan; Morante, Guillermo Bravo; Oppenheimer, Jonas; Özdoğan, Kadir Toykan; Qiu, Lijun; Schattke, Constanze; Stewardson, Kristin; Workman, James; Zalzala, Fatma; Zhang, Zhao; Agustí, Bibiana; Allen, Tim; Almássy, Katalin; Amkreutz, Luc; Ash, Abigail; Baillif-Ducros, Christèle; Barclay, Alistair; Bartosiewicz, László; Baxter, Katherine; Bernert, Zsolt; Blažek, Jan; Bodružić, Mario; Boissinot, Philippe; Bonsall, Clive; Bradley, Pippa; Brittain, Marcus; Brookes, Alison; Brown, Fraser; Brown, Lisa; Budd, Chelsea; Burmaz, Josip; Canet, Sylvain; Carnicero-Cáceres, Silvia; Čaušević-Bully, Morana; Chamberlain, Andrew; Chauvin, Sébastien; Clough, Sharon; Čondić, Natalija; Coppa, Alfredo; Craig, Oliver; Črešnar, Matija; Cummings, Vicki; Czifra, Szabolcs; Danielisová, Alžběta; Daniels, Robin; Davies, Alex; de Jersey, Philip; Deacon, Jody; Deminger, Csilla; Ditchfield, Peter W.; Dizdar, Marko; Dobeš, Miroslav; Dobisíková, Miluše; Domboróczki, László; Drinkall, Gail; Đukić, Ana; Ernée, Michal; Evans, Christopher; Evans, Jane; Fernández-Götz, Manuel; Filipović, Slavica; Fitzpatrick, Andrew; Fokkens, Harry; Fowler, Chris; Fox, Allison; Gallina, Zsolt; Gamble, Michelle; González Morales, Manuel R.; González-Rabanal, Borja; Green, Adrian; Gyenesei, Katalin; Habermehl, Diederick; Hajdu, Tamás; Hamilton, Derek; Harris, James; Hayden, Chris; Hendriks, Joep; Hernu, Bénédicte; Hey, Gill; Horňák, Milan; Ilon, Gábor; Istvánovits, Eszter; Jones, Andy M.; Blečić Kavur, Martina; Kazek, Kevin; Kenyon, Robert A.; Khreisheh, Amal; Kiss, Viktória; Kleijne, Jos; Knight, Mark; Kootker, Lisette M.; Kovács, Péter F.; Kozubová, Anita; Kulcsár, Gabriella; Kulcsár, Valéria; Le Pennec, Christophe; Legge, Michael; Leivers, Matt; Loe, Louise; López-Costas, Olalla; Lord, Tom; Los, Dženi; Lyall, James; Marín-Arroyo, Ana B.; Mason, Philip; Matošević, Damir; Maxted, Andy; McIntyre, Lauren; McKinley, Jacqueline; McSweeney, Kathleen; Meijlink, Bernard; Mende, Balázs G.; Menđušić, Marko; Metlička, Milan; Meyer, Sophie; Mihovilić, Kristina; Milasinovic, Lidija; Minnitt, Steve; Moore, Joanna; Morley, Geoff; Mullan, Graham; Musilová, Margaréta; Neil, Benjamin; Nicholls, Rebecca; Novak, Mario; Pala, Maria; Papworth, Martin; Paresys, Cécile; Patten, Ricky; Perkić, Domagoj; Pesti, Krisztina; Petit, Alba; Petriščáková, Katarína; Pichon, Coline; Pickard, Catriona; Pilling, Zoltán; Price, T. Douglas; Radović, Siniša; Redfern, Rebecca; Resutík, Branislav; Rhodes, Daniel T.; Richards, Martin B.; Roberts, Amy; Roefstra, Jean; Sankot, Pavel; Šefčáková, Alena; Sheridan, Alison; Skae, Sabine; Šmolíková, Miroslava; Somogyi, Krisztina; Somogyvári, Ágnes; Stephens, Mark; Szabó, Géza; Szécsényi-Nagy, Anna; Szeniczey, Tamás; Tabor, Jonathan; Tankó, Károly; Tavarez Maria, Clenis; Terry, Rachel; Teržan, Biba; Teschler-Nicola, Maria; Torres-Martínez, Jesús F.; Trapp, Julien; Turle, Ross; Ujvári, Ferenc; van der Heiden, Menno; Veleminsky, Petr; Veselka, Barbara; Vytlačil, Zdeněk; Waddington, Clive; Ware, Paula; Wilkinson, Paul; Wilson, Linda; Wiseman, Rob; Young, Eilidh; Zaninović, Joško; Žitňan, Andrej; Lalueza-Fox, Carles; de Knijff, Peter; Barnes, Ian; Halkon, Peter; Thomas, Mark G.; Kennett, Douglas J.; Cunliffe, Barry; Lillie, Malcolm; Rohland-Pinello, Nadin; Pinhasi, Ron; Armit, Ian; Reich, David
    Present-day people from England and Wales harbour more ancestry derived from Early European Farmers (EEF) than people of the Early Bronze Age1. To understand this, we generated genome-wide data from 793 individuals, increasing data from the Middle to Late Bronze and Iron Age in Britain by 12-fold, and Western and Central Europe by 3.5-fold. Between 1000-875 BCE, EEF ancestry increased in southern Britain (England and Wales) but not northern Britain (Scotland) due to incorporation of migrants who arrived at this time and over previous centuries, and who were genetically most similar to ancient individuals from France. These migrants contributed about half the ancestry of Iron Age people of England and Wales, thereby creating a plausible vector for the spread of early Celtic languages into Britain. These patterns are part of a broader trend of EEF ancestry becoming more similar across Central and Western Europe in the Middle to Late Bronze Age, coincident with archaeological evidence of intensified cultural exchange2-6. There was comparatively less gene flow from continental Europe during the Iron Age, and Britain’s independent genetic trajectory is also reflected in the rise of the allele conferring lactase persistence to ~50% by this time compared to ~7% in Central Europe where it rose rapidly in frequency only a millennium later. This suggests that dairy products were used in qualitatively different ways in Britain and in Central Europe over this period.