Person: Lewis, Jennifer
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Lewis
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Jennifer
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Lewis, Jennifer
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Publication Structural optimization of 3D-printed synthetic spider webs for high strength(Nature Pub. Group, 2015) Qin, Zhao; Compton, Brett G.; Lewis, Jennifer; Buehler, Markus J.Spiders spin intricate webs that serve as sophisticated prey-trapping architectures that simultaneously exhibit high strength, elasticity and graceful failure. To determine how web mechanics are controlled by their topological design and material distribution, here we create spider-web mimics composed of elastomeric filaments. Specifically, computational modelling and microscale 3D printing are combined to investigate the mechanical response of elastomeric webs under multiple loading conditions. We find the existence of an asymptotic prey size that leads to a saturated web strength. We identify pathways to design elastomeric material structures with maximum strength, low density and adaptability. We show that the loading type dictates the optimal material distribution, that is, a homogeneous distribution is better for localized loading, while stronger radial threads with weaker spiral threads is better for distributed loading. Our observations reveal that the material distribution within spider webs is dictated by the loading condition, shedding light on their observed architectural variations.Publication Engineered 3D-printed artificial axons(Nature Publishing Group UK, 2018) Espinosa-Hoyos, Daniela; Jagielska, Anna; Homan, Kimberly; Du, Huifeng; Busbee, Travis; Anderson, Daniel; Fang, Nicholas X.; Lewis, Jennifer; Van Vliet, Krystyn J.Myelination is critical for transduction of neuronal signals, neuron survival and normal function of the nervous system. Myelin disorders account for many debilitating neurological diseases such as multiple sclerosis and leukodystrophies. The lack of experimental models and tools to observe and manipulate this process in vitro has constrained progress in understanding and promoting myelination, and ultimately developing effective remyelination therapies. To address this problem, we developed synthetic mimics of neuronal axons, representing key geometric, mechanical, and surface chemistry components of biological axons. These artificial axons exhibit low mechanical stiffness approaching that of a human axon, over unsupported spans that facilitate engagement and wrapping by glial cells, to enable study of myelination in environments reflecting mechanical cues that neurons present in vivo. Our 3D printing approach provides the capacity to vary independently the complex features of the artificial axons that can reflect specific states of development, disease, or injury. Here, we demonstrate that oligodendrocytes’ production and wrapping of myelin depend on artificial axon stiffness, diameter, and ligand coating. This biofidelic platform provides direct visualization and quantification of myelin formation and myelinating cells’ response to both physical cues and pharmacological agents.Publication Controlling Material Reactivity Using Architecture(Wiley-Blackwell, 2015) Sullivan, Kyle T.; Zhu, Cheng; Duoss, Eric B.; Gash, Alexander E.; Kolesky, David; Kuntz, Joshua D.; Lewis, Jennifer; Spadaccini, Christopher M.3D-printing methods are used to generate reactive material architectures. Several geometric parameters are observed to influence the resultant flame propagation velocity, indicating that the architecture can be utilized to control reactivity. Two different architectures, channels and hurdles, are generated, and thin films of thermite are deposited onto the surface. The architecture offers an additional route to control, at will, the energy release rate in reactive composite materials.Publication Rotational 3D printing of damage-tolerant composites with programmable mechanics(National Academy of Sciences, 2018) Raney, Jordan R.; Compton, Brett G.; Mueller, Jochen; Ober, Thomas J.; Shea, Kristina; Lewis, JenniferNatural composites exhibit exceptional mechanical performance that often arises from complex fiber arrangements within continuous matrices. Inspired by these natural systems, we developed a rotational 3D printing method that enables spatially controlled orientation of short fibers in polymer matrices solely by varying the nozzle rotation speed relative to the printing speed. Using this method, we fabricated carbon fiber–epoxy composites composed of volume elements (voxels) with programmably defined fiber arrangements, including adjacent regions with orthogonally and helically oriented fibers that lead to nonuniform strain and failure as well as those with purely helical fiber orientations akin to natural composites that exhibit enhanced damage tolerance. Our approach broadens the design, microstructural complexity, and performance space for fiber-reinforced composites through site-specific optimization of their fiber orientation, strain, failure, and damage tolerance.Publication High-Throughput Printing via Microvascular Multinozzle Arrays(Wiley-Blackwell, 2012) Hansen, Christopher J.; Saksena, Rajat; Kolesky, David; Vericella, John J.; Kranz, Stephen J.; Muldowney, Gregory P.; Christensen, Kenneth T.; Lewis, JenniferMicrovascular multinozzle arrays are designed and fabricated for high-throughput printing of functional materials. Ink-flow uniformity within these multigeneration, bifurcating microchannel arrays is characterized by computer modeling and microscopic particle image velocimetry (micro-PIV) measurements. Both single and dual multinozzle printheads are produced to enable rapid printing of multilayered periodic structures over large areas (≈1 m2).Publication 3D Printing of Interdigitated Li-Ion Microbattery Architectures(Wiley-Blackwell, 2013) Sun, Ke; Wei, Teng-Sing; Ahn, Bok Yeop; Seo, Jung Yoon; Dillon, Shen J.; Lewis, Jennifer3D interdigitated microbattery architectures (3D-IMA) are fabricated by printing concentrated lithium oxide-based inks. The microbatteries are composed of interdigitated, high-aspect ratio cathode and anode structures. Our 3D-IMA, which exhibit high areal energy and power densities, may find potential application in autonomously powered microdevices.Publication High-Resolution, High-Aspect Ratio Conductive Wires Embedded in Plastic Substrates(American Chemical Society (ACS), 2015) Mahajan, Ankit; Hyun, Woo Jin; Walker, S. Brett; Lewis, Jennifer; Francis, Lorraine F.; Frisbie, C. DanielA novel method is presented to fabricate high-resolution, high-aspect ratio metal wires embedded in a plastic substrate for flexible electronics applications. In a sequential process, high-resolution channels connected to low-resolution reservoirs are first created in a thermosetting polymer by imprint lithography. A reactive Ag ink is then inkjet-printed into the reservoirs and wicked into the channels by capillary forces. These features serve as a seed layer for copper deposition inside the channels via electroless plating. Highly conductive wires (>50% bulk metal) with minimum line width and spacing of 2 and 4 μm, respectively, and an aspect ratio of 0.6 are obtained. The embedded wires exhibit good mechanical flexibility, with minimal degradation in electrical performance after thousands of bending cycles.Publication Device fabrication: Three-dimensional printed electronics(Nature Publishing Group, 2015) Lewis, Jennifer; Ahn, Bok YeopPublication Anisotropic Colloidal Templating of 3D Ceramic, Semiconducting, Metallic, and Polymeric Architectures(Wiley-Blackwell, 2013) Fu, Ming; Chaudhary, Kundan; Lange, Jonathan; Juarez, Jamie J.; Lewis, Jennifer; Braun, Paul V.Publication 3D Bioprinting of Vascularized, Heterogeneous Cell-Laden Tissue Constructs(Wiley-Blackwell, 2014) Kolesky, David; Truby, Ryan; Gladman, Amelia Sydney; Busbee, Travis Alexander; Homan, Kimberly; Lewis, JenniferA new bioprinting method is reported for fabricating 3D tissue constructs replete with vasculature, multiple types of cells, and extracellular matrix. These intricate, heterogeneous structures are created by precisely co-printing multiple materials, known as bioinks, in three dimensions. These 3D micro-engineered environments open new avenues for drug screening and fundamental studies of wound healing, angiogenesis, and stem-cell niches.
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