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Gausman, Jewel

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Gausman

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Jewel

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Gausman, Jewel
Author's Publications: search.filters.isAuthorOfPublication.a4cad527-f02d-4912-ab53-f046241d56f7

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    Clustered risk: An ecological understanding of sexual activity among adolescent boys and girls in two urban slums in Monrovia, Liberia
    (Elsevier BV, 2019-03) Gausman, Jewel; Lloyd, Danielle; Kallon, Thomas; Subramanian, Sankaran; Langer, Ana; Austin, Sydney
    Many young people experience sexual debut before they are able to manage risk in order to avoid adverse consequences. Gender norms, social position, and power can undermine an adolescent's ability to exercise agency in their first sexual encounters and negotiate safer sexual behavior. This study examines the intersection of psychosocial and interpersonal factors with the social and physical environment to form an ecological understanding of how the determinants that shape sexual activity differ between boys and girls in two urban slums in Monrovia, Liberia. This study focuses on three different levels: 1) intrapersonal and psychosocial factors, 2) the role of the family and other interpersonal relationships, and 3) the overall community structure. Fifty-three adolescents aged 15–17 years (27 males and 26 females) were recruited to participate in a concept mapping exercise. Concept mapping is a participatory research method that uses both qualitative and quantitative approaches through 1) group discussion, 2) brainstorming, 3) sorting factors into meaningful clusters, and 4) interpretation of the results to create a visual map. Cluster maps include both positive and negative factors that participants believe to influence adolescent sexual activity in their communities, including parental pressure, transactional sex, family status, goals and aspirations, and poverty. The influence of these factors diverged according to participant gender. Participants described how psychosocial, interpersonal, family, and community factors interact with economic and social forces to influence their sexual experience and combine to exacerbate the prevalence of transactional and forced sex. The results highlight the need for multi-level interventions to shape adolescent sexual and reproductive health in positive, rather than harmful, ways.
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    Publication
    How Jordanian and Syrian Youth Conceptualise Their Sexual and Reproductive Health Needs: A Visual Exploration Using Concept Mapping
    (Informa UK Limited, 2020-02-27) Gausman, Jewel; Othman, Areej; Daas, Insaf; Hamad, Iqbal; Dabobe, Maysoon; Langer, Ana
    Young people in Jordan are caught between the rapid social change that has encompassed the Middle East and the pressure to adhere to the strict norms and values that have defined previous generations, especially with regard to sexual and reproductive health. This study seeks to understand how Jordanian and Syrian adolescents conceptualise their concerns, needs and challenges with respect to their developing sexuality and reproductive health, while offering a comparative perspective by nationality and gender. 271 young people between the ages of 15 and 19 participated in the study. Data were generated using an interactive concept mapping approach. Data collection included brainstorming, pile sorting and rating to create a visual map that was interpreted by the participants. The results of this study show that both Jordanian and Syrian adolescents have a complex understanding of sex, sexuality and reproductive health that they define through broad conceptual spheres which include health, economic and social issues. Differences by gender highlight the conflict between traditional norms and changing social expectations. Both Jordanian and Syrian participants identified the need for diverse informational resources. For Syrians, the results emphasise how the hardship has influenced sexual and reproductive through a focus on early marriage and need for economic stability.