Person: Kuo, Braden
Loading...
Email Address
AA Acceptance Date
Birth Date
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Job Title
Last Name
Kuo
First Name
Braden
Name
Kuo, Braden
6 results
Search Results
Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
Publication Elevated Fasting Satiety-Promoting Cholecystokinin (CCK) in Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder Compared to Healthy Controls(Physicians Postgraduate Press, Inc, 2022-07-11) Burton Murray, Helen; Becker, Kendra; Harshman, Stephanie; Breithaupt Langston, Lauren; Kuhnle, Megan; Dreier, Melissa; Hauser, Kristine; Freizinger, Melissa; Eddy, Kamryn; Misra, Madhusmita; Kuo, Braden; Micali, Nadia; Thomas, Jennifer; Lawson, ElizabethObjective: Avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) is characterized by food avoidance or dietary restriction not primarily motivated by body weight/shape concerns. Individuals with ARFID can report early satiation, post-prandial fullness, and high inter-meal satiety, but whether these symptoms are related to differences in the biology underlying appetite regulation is unknown. In male and female children and adolescents, we hypothesized that fasting levels of cholecystokinin (CCK), a satiety hormone, would be elevated in participants with ARFID (full or subthreshold) versus healthy controls (HC). Within the ARFID group, we also explored the relations of CCK with weight status, subjective appetite ratings, and ARFID severity and phenotypes. Methods: 125 participants (83 full/subthreshold ARFID and 42 HC, ages 10-23 years; 59% female) underwent fasting blood draws for CCK, completed self-report measures assessing subjective state and trait appetite ratings, and completed a semi-structured interview assessing ARFID severity. Results: Fasting CCK was higher in full/subthreshold ARFID versus HC with a large effect (F(1)=25.0, p<.001, ηp2=.17), controlling for age, sex, and BMI percentile. Within the ARFID group, CCK was not significantly related to BMI percentile, subjective appetite ratings, or ARFID characteristic measures. Conclusion: CCK may contribute to etiology and/or maintenance of ARFID, as children/adolescents with heterogeneous presentations of avoidant/restrictive eating appear to show elevated fasting levels compared to healthy youth. Further research is needed to understand relations between CCK and appetite, weight, and eating behavior in ARFID.Publication Genomic and Clinical Effects Associated with a Relaxation Response Mind-Body Intervention in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Inflammatory Bowel Disease(Public Library of Science, 2015) Kuo, Braden; Bhasin, Manoj; Jacquart, Jolene; Scult, Matthew A.; Slipp, Lauren; Riklin, Eric Isaac Kagan; Lepoutre, Veronique; Comosa, Nicole; Norton, Beth-Ann; Dassatti, Allison; Rosenblum, Jessica; Thurler, Andrea H.; Surjanhata, Brian C.; Hasheminejad, Nicole N.; Kagan, Leslee; Slawsby, Ellen; Rao, Sowmya R.; Macklin, Eric; Fricchione, Gregory; Benson, Herbert; Libermann, Towia; Korzenik, Joshua; Denninger, JohnIntroduction: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) can profoundly affect quality of life and are influenced by stress and resiliency. The impact of mind-body interventions (MBIs) on IBS and IBD patients has not previously been examined. Methods: Nineteen IBS and 29 IBD patients were enrolled in a 9-week relaxation response based mind-body group intervention (RR-MBI), focusing on elicitation of the RR and cognitive skill building. Symptom questionnaires and inflammatory markers were assessed pre- and post-intervention, and at short-term follow-up. Peripheral blood transcriptome analysis was performed to identify genomic correlates of the RR-MBI. Results: Pain Catastrophizing Scale scores improved significantly post-intervention for IBD and at short-term follow-up for IBS and IBD. Trait Anxiety scores, IBS Quality of Life, IBS Symptom Severity Index, and IBD Questionnaire scores improved significantly post-intervention and at short-term follow-up for IBS and IBD, respectively. RR-MBI altered expression of more genes in IBD (1059 genes) than in IBS (119 genes). In IBD, reduced expression of RR-MBI response genes was most significantly linked to inflammatory response, cell growth, proliferation, and oxidative stress-related pathways. In IBS, cell cycle regulation and DNA damage related gene sets were significantly upregulated after RR-MBI. Interactive network analysis of RR-affected pathways identified TNF, AKT and NF-κB as top focus molecules in IBS, while in IBD kinases (e.g. MAPK, P38 MAPK), inflammation (e.g. VEGF-C, NF-κB) and cell cycle and proliferation (e.g. UBC, APP) related genes emerged as top focus molecules. Conclusions: In this uncontrolled pilot study, participation in an RR-MBI was associated with improvements in disease-specific measures, trait anxiety, and pain catastrophizing in IBS and IBD patients. Moreover, observed gene expression changes suggest that NF-κB is a target focus molecule in both IBS and IBD—and that its regulation may contribute to counteracting the harmful effects of stress in both diseases. Larger, controlled studies are needed to confirm this preliminary finding. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT02136745Publication Brain white matter microstructure is associated with susceptibility to motion-induced nausea(Wiley, 2013) Napadow, Vitaly; Sheehan, J.; Kim, Jieun; Dassatti, Allison; Thurler, Andrea H.; Surjanhata, Brian; Vangel, Mark; Makris, Nikolaos; Schaechter, Judith; Kuo, BradenNausea is associated with significant morbidity, and there is a wide range in the propensity of individuals to experience nausea. The neural basis of this heterogeneity in nausea susceptibility is poorly understood. Our previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study in healthy adults showed that a visual motion stimulus caused activation in the right MT+/V5 area, and that increased sensation of nausea due to this stimulus was associated with increased activation in the right anterior insula. For the current study, we hypothesized that individual differences in visual motion-induced nausea are due to microstructural differences in the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), the white-matter tract connecting the right visual motion processing area (MT+/V5) and right anterior insula. To test this hypothesis, we acquired diffusion tensor imaging data from 30 healthy adults who were subsequently dichotomized into high and low nausea susceptibility groups based on the Motion Sickness Susceptibility Scale. We quantified diffusion along the IFOF for each subject based on axial diffusivity (AD); radial diffusivity (RD), mean diffusivity (MD) and fractional anisotropy (FA), and evaluated between-group differences in these diffusion metrics. Subjects with high susceptibility to nausea rated significantly (p<0.001) higher nausea intensity to visual motion stimuli and had significantly (p<0.05) lower AD and MD along the right IFOF compared to subjects with low susceptibility to nausea. This result suggests that differences in white-matter microstructure within tracts connecting visual motion and nausea-processing brain areas may contribute to nausea susceptibility or may have resulted from an increased history of nausea episodes.Publication Static and Dynamic Autonomic Response with Increasing Nausea Perception(Aerospace Medical Association (AsMA)) LaCount, Lauren; Barbieri, Riccardo; Park, Kyungmo; Kim, Jieun; Brown, Emery; Kuo, Braden; Napadow, VitalyBackground Nausea is a commonly occurring symptom typified by epigastric discomfort with urge to vomit. The relationship between autonomic nervous system (ANS) outflow and increasing nausea perception is not fully understood. Methods Our study employed a nauseogenic visual stimulus (horizontally translating stripes) while 17 female subjects freely rated transitions in nausea level and autonomic outflow was measured (heart rate, HR, heart rate variability, HRV, skin conductance response, SCR, respiratory rate). We also adopted a recent approach to continuous high frequency (HF) HRV estimation to evaluate dynamic cardiovagal modulation. Results HR increased from baseline for all increasing nausea transitions, especially transition to strong nausea (15.0±11.4 bpm), but decreased (−6.6±4.6 bpm) once the visual stimulus ceased. SCR also increased for all increasing nausea transitions, especially transition to strong nausea (1.76±1.68 μS), but continued to increase (0.52 ± 0.65 μS) once visual stimulation ceased. LF/HF HRV increased following transition to moderate (1.54±2.11 a.u.) and strong (2.57±3.49 a.u.) nausea, suggesting a sympathetic shift in sympathovagal balance. However, dynamic HF HRV suggested that bursts of cardiovagal modulation precede transitions to higher nausea, perhaps influencing subjects to rate higher levels of nausea. No significant change in respiration rate was found. Conclusions Our results suggest that increasing nausea perception is associated with both increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic ANS modulation. These findings corroborate past ANS studies of nausea, applying percept-linked analyses and dynamic estimation of cardiovagal modulation in response to nausea.Publication Dynamic Cardiovagal Response to Motion Sickness: A Point-Process Heart Rate Variability Study(IEEE, 2009) LaCount, Lauren; Napadow, Vitaly; Kuo, Braden; Park, K.; Kim, J.; Brown, Emery; Barbieri, RiccardoA visual display of stripes was used to examine cardio-vagal response to motion sickness. Heart rate variability (HRV) was investigated using dynamic methods to discern instantaneous fluctuations in reaction to stimulus and perception-based events. A novel point process adaptive recursive algorithm was applied to the R-R series to compute instantaneous heart rate, HRV, and high frequency (HF) power as a marker of vagal activity. Results show interesting dynamic trends in each of the considered subjects. HF power averaged across ten subjects indicates a significant decrease 20s to 60s following the transition from “no nausea” to “mild.” Conversely, right before “strong” nausea, the group average shows a transient trending increase in HF power. Findings confirm gradual sympathetic activation with increasing nausea, and further evidence transitory increases in vagal tone before flushes of strong nausea.Publication The Zelnorm Epidemiologic Study (ZEST): A Cohort Study Evaluating Incidence of Abdominal and Pelvic Surgery Related to Tegaserod Treatment(BioMed Central, 2012) Seeger, John; Quinn, Sherry; Earnest, David L; Lembo, Anthony; Kuo, Braden; Rivero, Elena; Walker, AlexanderBackground: Pre-marketing clinical studies of tegaserod suggested an increased risk of abdominal surgery, particularly cholecystectomy. We sought to quantify the association between tegaserod use and the occurrence of abdominal or pelvic surgery, including cholecystectomy. Methods: This cohort study was conducted within an insured population. Tegaserod initiators and similar persons who did not initiate tegaserod were followed for up to six months for the occurrence of abdominal or pelvic surgery. Surgical procedures were identified from health insurance claims validated by review of medical records. The incidence of confirmed outcomes was compared using both as-matched and as-treated analyses. Results: Among 2,762 tegaserod initiators, there were 94 abdominal or pelvic surgeries (36 gallbladder): among 2,762 comparators there were 134 abdominal or pelvic surgeries (37 gallbladder) (hazard ratio HR] = 0.70, 95% confidence interval [C.I.] = 0.54-0.91 overall, HR = 0.98, 95% C.I. = 0.62-1.55 for gallbladder). Current tegaserod exposure compared to nonexposure was associated with a rate ratio [RR] of 0.68 (95% C.I. = 0.48-0.95) overall, while the RR was 0.99 (95% C.I. = 0.56-1.77) for gallbladder surgery. Conclusions: In this study, tegaserod use was not found to increase the risk of abdominal or pelvic surgery nor the specific subset of gallbladder surgery.