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Wong, Andrew

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Wong, Andrew

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20202

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    Method for Comparing Porous Carbon Electrode Performance in Redox Flow Batteries
    (The Electrochemical Society, 2020-07-21) Wong, Andrew; Aziz, Michael
    We present a method for comparing porous electrodes for use in redox flow batteries. By comparing physical and electrochemical properties of six carbon cloth electrodes (CCEs) including hydraulic permeability, Ohmic resistance, and mass transport overpotential, we show how optimal engineering conditions such as compression and electrolyte flow rates can be derived. These results are combined and applied to a quinone-based redox flow battery, leading to a peak power density around 0.4 W cm−2 for several different CCEs. This method can be applied broadly to other electrode architectures and flow battery chemistries, and provides a comprehensive framework for their comparison.
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    Extremely Stable Anthraquinone Negolytes Synthesized from Common Precursors
    (Elsevier BV, 2020-06) Wu, Min; Jing, Yan; Wong, Andrew; Fell, Eric; Jin, Shijian; Tang, Zhijiang; Gordon, Roy; Aziz, Michael
    Synthetic cost and long-term stability remain two of the most challenging barriers for the utilization of redox-active organic molecules in redox flow batteries for grid scale energy storage. Starting from potentially inexpensive 9,10-dihydroanthracene, we developed a new synthetic approach for two extremely stable anthraquinone negolytes, i.e., 3,3'-(9,10- anthraquinone-diyl)bis(3-methylbutanoic acid) (DPivOHAQ) and 4,4'-(9,10- anthraquinone-diyl)dibutanoic acid (DBAQ). Pairing with a ferrocyanide posolyte at pH 12, DPivOHAQ and DBAQ can transfer up to 1.4 M and 2 M electrons with capacity fade rates of 0.014%/day and 0.0084%/day, respectively, and exhibit 1.0 V of open circuit voltage. By adjusting the supporting electrolytes to pH 14, DPivOHAQ exhibited a record low capacity fade rate of <1%/year. We attribute the capacity loss of these flow batteries to be caused primarily by the formation of anthrone, which can be suppressed by increasing the pH of the electrolyte and reversed by exposure to air.