Person: Taylor, Kathryn
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Taylor
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Kathryn
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Taylor, Kathryn
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Publication Improving Surgical Safety and Nontechnical Skills in Variable-Resource Contexts: A Novel Educational Curriculum(Elsevier BV, 2018-07) Lin, Yihan; Scott, John W.; Yi, Sojung; Taylor, Kathryn; Ntakiyiruta, Georges; Ntirenganya, Faustin; Banguti, Paulin; Yule, Steven; Riviello, RobertPublication Human exposure to nitro musks and the evaluation of their potential toxicity: an overview(BioMed Central, 2014) Taylor, Kathryn; Weisskopf, Marc; Shine, James P.Synthetic nitro musks are fragrant chemicals found in household and personal care products. The use of these products leads to direct exposures via dermal absorption, as well as inhalation of contaminated dust and volatilized fragrances. Evidence also suggests that humans are exposed to low doses of these chemicals through oral absorption of contaminated liquids and foods. As these compounds are lipophilic, they and their metabolites, have been found not only in blood, but also breast milk and adipose tissue. After personal use, these environmentally persistent pollutants then pass through sewage treatment plants through their effluent into the environment. Little is known about the biological effects in humans after such a prolonged low dose exposure to these chemicals. While epidemiologic studies evaluating the effects of nitro musk exposures are lacking, there is limited evidence that suggest blood levels of nitro musks are inversely related to luteal hormone levels. This is supported by animal models and laboratory studies that have shown that nitro musks are weakly estrogenic. Nitro musks exposure has been associated with an increased risk of tumor formation in mice. The evidence suggests that while nitro musks by themselves are not genotoxic, they may increase the genotoxicity of other chemicals. However, animal models for nitro musk exposure have proven to be problematic since certain outcomes are species specific. This may explain why evidence for developmental effects in animals is conflicting and inconclusive. Given that animal models and cell-line experiments are suggestive of adverse outcomes, further epidemiologic studies are warranted.Publication The Effect of Head Injury on Neurologic and Cognitive Health Throughout the Life Course(2015-05-01) Taylor, Kathryn; Weisskopf, Marc; Bellinger, David; Coull, Brent; Dennerlein, JackRecent studies touting the potential long term negative effects of traumatic brain injuries have pushed these injuries in the forefront of public health concern. There is particular concern of whether or not there is a time window where these injuries are more dangerous. Using robust methods, our research suggests that early life head injuries tend to have worse effects on a latent outcome like the development of Parkinson’s disease, as well as on a relatively short term outcome like cognitive function. For both of these outcomes this dissertation evaluated how the timing of head injuries in conjunction with disease onset or cognitive measurement may impact results. But after considering these time effects, a younger age at first head injury was still associated with adverse neurological effects. It is hypothesized that a head injury during key developmental time periods may actually serve to disrupt developmental processes. This disruption in these processes can potentially have both long term and permanent negative effects on brain function.