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Campbell Jr, Paul

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Campbell Jr

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Campbell Jr, Paul

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2008 - 200912010 - 20111

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Author's Publications: search.filters.isAuthorOfPublication.e70b75de-c49d-4f88-8fe0-79c39af1fbcb

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    The utilization of home care by the elderly in Brazil's primary health care system
    (American Public Health Association, 2011) Thumé, Elaine; Facchini, Luiz Augusto; Wyshak, Grace; Campbell Jr, Paul
    OBJECTIVES: We assessed the utilization of home care by the elderly in Brazil after implementation of the Family Health Strategy (FHS). METHODS: Data were derived from a cross-sectional study in a southern city in Brazil. Using the χ(2) test and a logistic regression with different levels of determination, we tested the hypothesis that the FHS increased the utilization of home care compared with utilization under the Traditional Primary Health Care (TPHC) system. RESULTS: We interviewed 1593 residents aged 60 years and older. Home care utilization under the FHS was 2.7 times the rate of utilization under the TPHC (95% confidence interval = 1.5, 4.7; P = .001), and utilization increased among the older group, the less educated, those with history of hospitalization, and those with functional limitations. CONCLUSIONS: Improvement in access to care resulted in greater utilization of home care. Our findings have policy implications that include expanding the coverage of the FHS throughout big cities where coverage is limited. These findings are important because the population is aging and the family strategy operates in poorer areas; thus, it can promote equity in access to home health care among the elderly.
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    Risk-communication Capability for Public Health Emergencies Varies by Community Diversity
    (BioMed Central, 2008) Savoia, Elena; Stoto, Michael; Biddinger, Paul; Campbell Jr, Paul; Viswanath, Kasisomayajula; Koh, Howard
    Background: Public health emergencies heighten several challenges in risk-communication: providing trustworthy sources of information, reaching marginalized populations, and minimizing fear and public confusion. In emergencies, however, information may not diffuse equally among all social groups, and gaps in knowledge may increase. Such knowledge gaps vary by social structure and the size, socioeconomic status, and diversity of the population. This study explores the relationship between risk-communication capabilities, as perceived by public officials participating in emergency tabletop exercises, and community size and diversity. Findings: For each of the three communication functions tested, risk-communication capabilities are perceived to be greater in communities with fewer then 10% of the population speaking a language other than English at home, decreasing as the percentage grows to 20% (ANOVA P ≤ 0.02). With respect to community size, however, we found an N-shaped relationship between perceived risk communication capabilities and population size. Capabilities are perceived highest in the largest communities and lowest in the smallest, but lower in communities with 20,000–49,999 inhabitants compared to those with 2,500–19,999. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest the need to factor population diversity into risk communication plans and the need for improved state or regional risk-communication capabilities, especially for communities with limited local capacity.