Person: Livingstone, Margaret
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Livingstone
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Livingstone, Margaret
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Publication Retinotopic Organization of Scene Areas in Macaque Inferior Temporal Cortex(Society for Neuroscience, 2017) Arcaro, Michael; Livingstone, MargaretPrimates have specialized domains in inferior temporal (IT) cortex that are responsive to particular image categories. Though IT traditionally has been regarded as lacking retinotopy, several recent studies in monkeys have shown that retinotopic maps extend to face patches along the lower bank of the superior temporal sulcus (STS) and neighboring regions of IT cortex. Here, we used fMRI to map the retinotopic organization of medial ventral temporal cortex in four monkeys (2 male and 2 female). We confirm the presence of visual field maps within and around the lower bank of the STS and extend these prior findings to scene-selective cortex in the ventral-most regions of IT. Within the occipitotemporal sulcus (OTS), we identified two retinotopic areas, OTS1 and OTS2. The polar angle representation of OTS2 was a mirror reversal of the OTS1 representation. These regions contained representations of the contralateral periphery and were selectively active for scene versus face, body, or object images. The extent of this retinotopy parallels that in humans and shows that the organization of the scene network is preserved across primate species. In addition retinotopic maps were identified in dorsal extrastriate, posterior parietal, and frontal cortex as well as the thalamus, including both the lateral geniculate nucleus and pulvinar. Together, it appears that most, if not all, of the macaque visual system contains organized representations of visual space. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Primates have specialized domains in inferior temporal (IT) cortex that are responsive to particular image categories. Though retinotopic maps are considered a fundamental organizing principle of posterior visual cortex, IT traditionally has been regarded as lacking retinotopy. Recent imaging studies have demonstrated the presence of several visual field maps within the lateral IT. Using neuroimaging, we found multiple representations of visual space within ventral IT cortex of macaques that included scene-selective cortex. Scene domains were biased toward the peripheral visual field. These data demonstrate the prevalence of visual field maps throughout the primate visual system, including late stages in the ventral visual hierarchy, and support the idea that domains representing different categories are biased toward different parts of the visual field.Publication International Society for Therapeutic Ultrasound Conference 2016: Tel Aviv, Israel. 14-18 March, 2016(BioMed Central, 2017) Fowlkes, Brian; Ghanouni, Pejman; Sanghvi, Narendra; Coussios, Constantin; Lyon, Paul C.; Gray, Michael; Mannaris, Christophoros; Victor, Marie de Saint; Stride, Eleanor; Cleveland, Robin; Carlisle, Robert; Wu, Feng; Middleton, Mark; Gleeson, Fergus; Aubry, Jean-Franҫois; Pauly, Kim Butts; Moonen, Chrit; Vortman, Jacob; Sharabi, Shirley; Daniels, Dianne; Last, David; Guez, David; Levy, Yoav; Volovick, Alexander; Grinfeld, Javier; Rachmilevich, Itay; Amar, Talia; Zibly, Zion; Mardor, Yael; Harnof, Sagi; Plaksin, Michael; Weissler, Yoni; Shoham, Shy; Kimmel, Eitan; Naor, Omer; Farah, Nairouz; Paeng, Dong-Guk; Xu, Zhiyuan; Snell, John; Quigg, Anders H.; Eames, Matthew; Jin, Changzhu; Everstine, Ashli C.; Sheehan, Jason P.; Lopes, Beatriz S.; Kassell, Neal; Looi, Thomas; Khokhlova, Vera; Mougenot, Charles; Hynynen, Kullervo; Drake, James; Slayton, Michael; Amodei, Richard C.; Compton, Keegan; McNelly, Ashley; Latt, Daniel; Kearney, John; Melodelima, David; Dupre, Aurelien; Chen, Yao; Perol, David; Vincenot, Jeremy; Chapelon, Jean-Yves; Rivoire, Michel; Guo, Wei; Ren, Guoxin; Shen, Guofeng; Neidrauer, Michael; Zubkov, Leonid; Weingarten, Michael S.; Margolis, David J.; Lewin, Peter A.; McDannold, Nathan; Sutton, Jonathan; Vykhodtseva, Natalia; Livingstone, Margaret; Kobus, Thiele; Zhang, Yong-Zhi; Schwartz, Michael; Huang, Yuexi; Lipsman, Nir; Jain, Jennifer; Chapman, Martin; Sankar, Tejas; Lozano, Andres; Yeung, Robert; Damianou, Christakis; Papadopoulos, Nikolaos; Brokman, Omer; Zadicario, Eyal; Brenner, Ori; Castel, David; Wu, Shih-Ying; Grondin, Julien; Zheng, Wenlan; Heidmann, Marc; Karakatsani, Maria Eleni; Sánchez, Carlos J. Sierra; Ferrera, Vincent; Konofagou, Elisa E.; Yiannakou, Marinos; Cho, HongSeok; Lee, Hwayoun; Han, Mun; Choi, Jong-Ryul; Lee, Taekwan; Ahn, Sanghyun; Chang, Yongmin; Park, Juyoung; Ellens, Nicholas; Partanen, Ari; Farahani, Keyvan; Airan, Raag; Carpentier, Alexandre; Canney, Michael; Vignot, Alexandre; Lafon, Cyril; Delattre, Jean-yves; Idbaih, Ahmed; Odéen, Henrik; Bolster, Bradley; Jeong, Eun Kee; Parker, Dennis L.; Gaur, Pooja; Feng, Xue; Fielden, Samuel; Meyer, Craig; Werner, Beat; Grissom, William; Marx, Michael; Weber, Hans; Taviani, Valentina; Hargreaves, Brian; Tanaka, Jun; Kikuchi, Kentaro; Ishijima, Ayumu; Azuma, Takashi; Minamihata, Kosuke; Yamaguchi, Satoshi; Nagamune, Teruyuki; Sakuma, Ichiro; Takagi, Shu; Santin, Mathieu D.; Marsac, Laurent; Maimbourg, Guillaume; Monfort, Morgane; Larrat, Benoit; François, Chantal; Lehéricy, Stéphane; Tanter, Mickael; Samiotaki, Gesthimani; Wang, Shutao; Acosta, Camilo; Feinberg, Eliza R.; Kovacs, Zsofia I.; Tu, Tsang-Wei; Papadakis, Georgios Z.; Reid, William C.; Hammoud, Dima A.; Frank, Joseph A.; Kovacs, Zsofia i.; Kim, Saejeong; Jikaria, Neekita; Bresler, Michele; Qureshi, Farhan; Xia, Jingjing; Tsui, Po-Shiang; Liu, Hao-Li; Plata, Juan C.; Sveinsson, Bragi; Salgaonkar, Vasant A.; Adams, Matthew; Diederich, Chris; Ozhinsky, Eugene; Bucknor, Matthew D.; Rieke, Viola; Mikhail, Andrew; Severance, Lauren; Negussie, Ayele H.; Wood, Bradford; de Greef, Martijn; Schubert, Gerald; Ries, Mario; Poorman, Megan E.; Dockery, Mary; Chaplin, Vandiver; Dudzinski, Stephanie O.; Spears, Ryan; Caskey, Charles; Giorgio, Todd; Costa, Marcia M.; Papaevangelou, Efthymia; Shah, Anant; Rivens, Ian; Box, Carol; Bamber, Jeff; ter Haar, Gail; Burks, Scott R.; Nagle, Matthew; Nguyen, Ben; Milo, Blerta; Le, Nhan M.; Song, Shaozhen; Zhou, Kanheng; Nabi, Ghulam; Huang, Zhihong; Ben-Ezra, Shmuel; Rosen, Shani; Mihcin, Senay; Strehlow, Jan; Karakitsios, Ioannis; Le, Nhan; Schwenke, Michael; Demedts, Daniel; Prentice, Paul; Haase, Sabrina; Preusser, Tobias; Melzer, Andreas; Mestas, Jean-Louis; Chettab, Kamel; Gomez, Gustavo Stadthagen; Dumontet, Charles; Werle, Bettina; Marquet, Fabrice; Bour, Pierre; Vaillant, Fanny; Amraoui, Sana; Dubois, Rémi; Ritter, Philippe; Haïssaguerre, Michel; Hocini, Mélèze; Bernus, Olivier; Quesson, Bruno; Livneh, Amit; Adam, Dan; Robin, Justine; Arnal, Bastien; Fink, Mathias; Pernot, Mathieu; Khokhlova, Tatiana D.; Schade, George R.; Wang, Yak-Nam; Kreider, Wayne; Simon, Julianna; Starr, Frank; Karzova, Maria; Maxwell, Adam; Bailey, Michael R.; Lundt, Jonathan E.; Allen, Steven P.; Sukovich, Jonathan R.; Hall, Timothy; Xu, Zhen; May, Philip; Lin, Daniel W.; Constans, Charlotte; Deffieux, Thomas; Aubry, Jean-Francois; Park, Eun-Joo; Ahn, Yun Deok; Kang, Soo Yeon; Park, Dong-Hyuk; Lee, Jae Young; Vidal-Jove, J.; Perich, E.; Ruiz, A.; Jaen, A.; Eres, N.; del Castillo, M. Alvarez; Myers, Rachel; Kwan, James; Coviello, Christian; Rowe, Cliff; Crake, Calum; Finn, Sean; Jackson, Edward; Pouliopoulos, Antonios; Li, Caiqin; Tinguely, Marc; Tang, Meng-Xing; Garbin, Valeria; Choi, James J.; Folkes, Lisa; Stratford, Michael; Nwokeoha, Sandra; Li, Tong; Farr, Navid; D’Andrea, Samantha; Gravelle, Kayla; Chen, Hong; Lee, Donghoon; Hwang, Joo Ha; Tardoski, Sophie; Ngo, Jacqueline; Gineyts, Evelyne; Roux, Jean-Pau; Clézardin, Philippe; Conti, Allegra; Magnin, Rémi; Gerstenmayer, Matthieu; Lux, François; Tillement, Olivier; Mériaux, Sébastien; Penna, Stefania Della; Romani, Gian Luca; Dumont, Erik; Sun, Tao; Power, Chanikarn; Miller, Eric; Sapozhnikov, Oleg; Tsysar, Sergey; Yuldashev, Petr V.; Svet, Victor; Li, Dongli; Pellegrino, Antonio; Petrinic, Nik; Siviour, Clive; Jerusalem, Antoine; Yuldashev, Peter V.; Cunitz, Bryan W.; Dunmire, Barbrina; Inserra, Claude; Guedra, Matthieu; Mauger, Cyril; Gilles, Bruno; Solovchuk, Maxim; Sheu, Tony W. H.; Thiriet, Marc; Zhou, Yufeng; Neufeld, Esra; Baumgartner, Christian; Payne, Davnah; Kyriakou, Adamos; Kuster, Niels; Xiao, Xu; McLeod, Helen; Dillon, Christopher; Payne, Allison; Khokhova, Vera A.; Sinilshchikov, Ilya; Andriyakhina, Yulia; Rybyanets, Andrey; Shvetsova, Natalia; Berkovich, Alex; Shvetsov, Igor; Shaw, Caroline J.; Civale, John; Giussani, Dino; Lees, Christoph; Ozenne, Valery; Toupin, Solenn; Salgaonkar, Vasant; Kaye, Elena; Monette, Sebastien; Maybody, Majid; Srimathveeravalli, Govindarajan; Solomon, Stephen; Gulati, Amitabh; Bezzi, Mario; Jenne, Jürgen W.; Lango, Thomas; Müller, Michael; Sat, Giora; Tanner, Christine; Zangos, Stephan; Günther, Matthias; Dinh, Au Hoang; Niaf, Emilie; Bratan, Flavie; Guillen, Nicolas; Souchon, Rémi; Lartizien, Carole; Crouzet, Sebastien; Rouviere, Olivier; Han, Yang; Payen, Thomas; Palermo, Carmine; Sastra, Steve; Olive, Kenneth; van Breugel, Johanna M.; van den Bosch, Maurice A.; Fellah, Benjamin; Le Bihan, Denis; Hernandez-Garcia, Luis; Cain, Charles A.; Lyka, Erasmia; Elbes, Delphine; Li, Chunhui; Tamano, Satoshi; Jimbo, Hayato; Yoshizawa, Shin; Fujiwara, Keisuke; Itani, Kazunori; Umemura, Shin-ichiro; Stoianovici, Dan; Zaini, Zulfadhli; Takagi, Ryo; Zong, Shenyan; Watkins, Ron; Pascal-Tenorio, Aurea; Jones, Peter; Butts-Pauly, Kim; Bouley, Donna; Chen, Yazhu; Lin, Chung-Yin; Hsieh, Han-Yi; Wei, Kuo-Chen; Garnier, Camille; Renault, Gilles; Seifabadi, Reza; Wilson, Emmanuel; Eranki, Avinash; Kim, Peter; Lübke, Dennis; Huber, Peter; Georgii, Joachim; Dresky, Caroline V.; Haller, Julian; Yarmolenko, Pavel; Sharma, Karun; Celik, Haydar; Li, Guofeng; Qiu, Weibao; Zheng, Hairong; Tsai, Meng-Yen; Chu, Po-Chun; Webb, Taylor; Vyas, Urvi; Walker, Matthew; Zhong, Jidan; Waspe, Adam C.; Hodaie, Mojgan; Yang, Feng-Yi; Huang, Sin-Luo; Zur, Yuval; Assif, Benny; Aurup, Christian; Kamimura, Hermes; Carneiro, Antonio A.; Rothlübbers, Sven; Schwaab, Julia; Houston, Graeme; Azhari, Haim; Weiss, Noam; Sosna, Jacob; Goldberg, S.; Barrere, Victor; Jang, Kee W.; Lewis, Bobbi; Wang, Xiaotong; Suomi, Visa; Edwards, David; Larrabee, Zahary; Hananel, Arik; Rafaely, Boaz; Debbiny, Rasha Elaimy; Dekel, Carmel Zeltser; Assa, Michael; Menikou, George; Mouratidis, Petros; Pineda-Pardo, José A.; de Pedro, Marta Del Álamo; Martinez, Raul; Hernandez, Frida; Casas, Silvia; Oliver, Carlos; Pastor, Patricia; Vela, Lidia; Obeso, Jose; Greillier, Paul; Zorgani, Ali; Catheline, Stefan; Solovov, Vyacheslav; Vozdvizhenskiy, Michael O.; Orlov, Andrew E.; Wu, Chueh-Hung; Sun, Ming-Kuan; Shih, Tiffany T.; Chen, Wen-Shiang; Prieur, Fabrice; Pillon, Arnaud; Cartron, Valerie; Cebe, Patrick; Chansard, Nathalie; Lafond, Maxime; Seya, Pauline Muleki; Bera, Jean-Christophe; Boissenot, Tanguy; Fattal, Elias; Bordat, Alexandre; Chacun, Helene; Guetin, Claire; Tsapis, Nicolas; Maruyama, Kazuo; Unga, Johan; Suzuki, Ryo; Fant, Cécile; Rogez, Bernadette; Afadzi, Mercy; Myhre, Ola Finneng; Vea, Siri; Bjørkøy, Astrid; Yemane, Petros Tesfamichael; van Wamel, Annemieke; Berg, Sigrid; Hansen, Rune; Angelsen, Bjørn; Davies, CatharinaPublication Development of the macaque face-patch system(Nature Publishing Group, 2017) Livingstone, Margaret; Vincent, Justin Lee; Arcaro, Michael; Srihasam, Krishna; Schade, Peter; Savage, TristramFace recognition is highly proficient in humans and other social primates; it emerges in infancy, but the development of the neural mechanisms supporting this behaviour is largely unknown. We use blood-volume functional MRI to monitor longitudinally the responsiveness to faces, scrambled faces, and objects in macaque inferotemporal cortex (IT) from 1 month to 2 years of age. During this time selective responsiveness to monkey faces emerges. Some functional organization is present at 1 month; face-selective patches emerge over the first year of development, and are remarkably stable once they emerge. Face selectivity is refined by a decreasing responsiveness to non-face stimuli.Publication 5th International Symposium on Focused Ultrasound: North Bethesda, MD, USA. 28 August- 1 September 2016(BioMed Central, 2016) Zaaroor, Menashe; Sinai, Alon; Goldsher, Dorit; Eran, Ayelet; Nassar, Maria; Schlesinger, Ilana; Parker, Jonathon; Ravikumar, Vinod; Ghanouni, Pejman; Stein, Sherman; Halpern, Casey; Krishna, Vibhor; Hargrove, Amelia; Agrawal, Punit; Changizi, Barbara; Bourekas, Eric; Knopp, Michael; Rezai, Ali; Mead, Brian; Kim, Namho; Mastorakos, Panagiotis; Suk, Jung Soo; Miller, Wilson; Klibanov, Alexander; Hanes, Justin; Price, Richard; Wang, Shutao; Olumolade, Oluyemi; Kugelman, Tara; Jackson-Lewis, Vernice; Karakatsani, Maria Eleni (Marilena); Han, Yang; Przedborski, Serge; Konofagou, Elisa; Hynynen, Kullervo; Aubert, Isabelle; Leinenga, Gerhard; Nisbet, Rebecca; Hatch, Robert; Van der Jeugd, Anneke; Evans, Harrison; Götz, Jürgen; Van der Jeugd, Ann; Fishman, Paul; Yarowsky, Paul; Frenkel, Victor; Wei-Bin, Shen; Nguyen, Ben; Sanchez, Carlos Sierra; Acosta, Camilo; Chen, Cherry; Wu, Shih-Ying; Aryal, Muna; Papademetriou, Iason T.; Zhang, Yong-Zhi; Power, Chanikarn; McDannold, Nathan; Porter, Tyrone; Kovacs, Zsofia; Kim, Saejeong; Jikaria, Neekita; Qureshi, Farhan; Bresler, Michele; Frank, Joseph; Odéen, Henrik; Chiou, Jr-yuan; Snell, John; Todd, Nick; Madore, Bruno; Parker, Dennis; Pauly, Kim Butts; Marx, Mike; Jonathan, Sumeeth; Grissom, William; Arvanitis, Costas; Clement, Gregory; de Bever, Joshua; Payne, Allison; Christensen, Douglas; Maimbourg, Guillaume; Santin, Mathieu David; Houdouin, Alexandre; Lehericy, Stéphane; Tanter, Mickael; Aubry, Jean Francois; Federau, Christian; Werner, Beat; Paeng, Dong-Guk; Xu, Zhiyuan; Quigg, Anders; Eames, Matt; Jin, Changzhu; Everstine, Ashli; Sheehan, Jason; Lopes, M. Beatriz; Kassell, Neal; Drake, James; Price, Karl; Lustgarten, Lior; Sin, Vivian; Mougenot, Charles; Donner, Elizabeth; Tam, Emily; Hodaie, Mojgan; Waspe, Adam; Looi, Thomas; Pichardo, Samuel; Lee, Wonhye; Chung, Yong An; Jung, Yujin; Song, In-Uk; Yoo, Seung-Schik; Kim, Hyun-Chul; Lee, Jong-Hwan; Caskey, Charles; Zinke, Wolf; Cosman, Josh; Shuman, Jillian; Schall, Jeffrey; Aurup, Christian; Chen, Hong; Kamimura, Hermes; Carneiro, Antonio; Sun, Tao; Nazai, Navid; Patz, Sam; Livingstone, Margaret; Mainprize, Todd; Huang, Yuexi; Alkins, Ryan; Chapman, Martin; Perry, James; Lipsman, Nir; Bethune, Allison; Sahgal, Arjun; Trudeau, Maureen; Liu, Hao-Li; Hsu, Po-Hung; Wei, Kuo-Chen; Sutton, Jonathan; Alexander, Phillip; Miller, Eric; Kobus, Thiele; Carpentier, Alexandre; Canney, Michael; Vignot, Alexandre; Beccaria, Kevin; Leclercq, Delphine; Lafon, Cyril; Chapelon, Jean Yves; Hoang-Xuan, Khe; Delattre, Jean-Yves; Idbaih, Ahmed; Moore, David; Xu, Alexis; Schmitt, Paul; Foley, Jessica; Sukovich, Jonathan; Cain, Charles; Pandey, Aditya; Chaudhary, Neeraj; Camelo-Piragua, Sandra; Allen, Steven; Cannata, Jon; Teofilovic, Dejan; Bertolina, Jim; Hall, Timothy; Xu, Zhen; Grondin, Julien; Ferrera, Vincent; ter Haar, Gail; Mouratidis, Petros; Repasky, Elizabeth; Timbie, Kelsie; Badr, Lena; Campbell, Benjamin; McMichael, John; Buckner, Andrew; Prince, Jessica; Stevens, Aaron; Bullock, Timothy; Skalina, Karin; Guha, Chandan; Orsi, Franco; Bonomo, Guido; Vigna, Paolo Della; Mauri, Giovanni; Varano, Gianluca; Schade, George; Wang, Yak-Nam; Pillarisetty, Venu; Hwang, Joo Ha; Khokhlova, Vera; Bailey, Michael; Khokhlova, Tatiana; Sinilshchikov, Ilya; Yuldashev, Petr; Andriyakhina, Yulia; Kreider, Wayne; Maxwell, Adam; Sapozhnikov, Oleg; Partanen, Ari; Lundt, Jonathan; Preusser, Tobias; Haase, Sabrina; Bezzi, Mario; Jenne, Jürgen; Langø, Thomas; Midiri, Massimo; Mueller, Michael; Sat, Giora; Tanner, Christine; Zangos, Stephan; Guenther, Matthias; Melzer, Andreas; Menciassi, Arianna; Tognarelli, Selene; Cafarelli, Andrea; Diodato, Alessandro; Ciuti, Gastone; Rothluebbers, Sven; Schwaab, Julia; Strehlow, Jan; Mihcin, Senay; Tretbar, Steffen; Payen, Thomas; Palermo, Carmine; Sastra, Steve; Olive, Kenneth; Adams, Matthew; Salgaonkar, Vasant; Scott, Serena; Sommer, Graham; Diederich, Chris; Vidal-Jove, Joan; Perich, Eloi; Ruiz, Antonio; Velat, Manuela; Melodelima, David; Dupre, Aurelien; Vincenot, Jeremy; Yao, Chen; Perol, David; Rivoire, Michel; Tucci, Samantha; Mahakian, Lisa; Fite, Brett; Ingham, Elizabeth; Tam, Sarah; Hwang, Chang-il; Tuveson, David; Ferrara, Katherine; Scionti, Stephen; Chen, Lili; Cvetkovic, Dusica; Chen, Xiaoming; Gupta, Roohi; Wang, Bin; Ma, Charlie; Bader, Kenneth; Haworth, Kevin; Holland, Christy; Sanghvi, Narendra; Carlson, Roy; Chen, Wohsing; Chaussy, Christian; Thueroff, Stefan; Cesana, Claudio; Bellorofonte, Carlo; Wang, Qingguo; Wang, Han; Wang, Shengping; Zhang, Junhai; Bazzocchi, Alberto; Napoli, Alessandro; Staruch, Robert; Bing, Chenchen; Shaikh, Sumbul; Nofiele, Joris; Szczepanski, Debra; Staruch, Michelle Wodzak; Williams, Noelle; Laetsch, Theodore; Chopra, Rajiv; Rosenberg, Jarrett; Bitton, Rachelle; LeBlang, Suzanne; Meyer, Joshua; Hurwitz, Mark; Yarmolenko, Pavel; Celik, Haydar; Eranki, Avinash; Beskin, Viktoriya; Santos, Domiciano; Patel, Janish; Oetgen, Matthew; Kim, AeRang; Kim, Peter; Sharma, Karun; Chisholm, Alexander; Aleman, Dionne; Scipione, Roberto; Temple, Michael; Amaral, Joao Guilherme; Endre, Ruby; Lamberti-Pasculli, Maria; de Ruiter, Joost; Campbell, Fiona; Stimec, Jennifer; Gupta, Samit; Singh, Manoj; Hopyan, Sevan; Czarnota, Gregory; Brenin, David; Rochman, Carrie; Kovatcheva, Roussanka; Vlahov, Jordan; Zaletel, Katja; Stoinov, Julian; Bucknor, Matthew; Rieke, Viola; Shim, Jenny; Koral, Korgun; Lang, Brian; Wong, Carlos; Lam, Heather; Shinkov, Alexander; Hu, Jim; Zhang, Xi; Macoskey, Jonathan; Ives, Kimberly; Owens, Gabe; Gurm, Hitinder; Shi, Jiaqi; Pizzuto, Matthew; Dillon, Christopher; Christofferson, Ivy; Hilas, Elaine; Shea, Jill; Greillier, Paul; Ankou, Bénédicte; Bessière, Francis; Zorgani, Ali; Pioche, Mathieu; Kwiecinski, Wojciech; Magat, Julie; Melot-Dusseau, Sandrine; Lacoste, Romain; Quesson, Bruno; Pernot, Mathieu; Catheline, Stefan; Chevalier, Philippe; Marquet, Fabrice; Bour, Pierre; Vaillant, Fanny; Amraoui, Sana; Dubois, Rémi; Ritter, Philippe; Haïssaguerre, Michel; Hocini, Mélèze; Bernus, Olivier; Tebebi, Pamela; Burks, Scott; Milo, Blerta; Gertner, Michael; Zhang, Jimin; Wong, Andrew; Liu, Yu; Kheirolomoom, Azadeh; Seo, Jai; Watson, Katherine; Zhang, Hua; Foiret, Josquin; Borowsky, Alexander; Xu, Doudou; Thanou, Maya; Centelles, Miguell; Wright, Mike; Amrahli, Maral; So, Po-Wah; Gedroyc, Wladyslaw; Kneepkens, Esther; Heijman, Edwin; Keupp, Jochen; Weiss, Steffen; Nicolay, Klaas; Grüll, Holger; Nagle, Matthew; Nikolaeva, Anastasia V.; Terzi, Marina E.; Tsysar, Sergey A.; Cunitz, Bryan; Mourad, Pierre; Downs, Matthew; Yang, Georgiana; Wang, Qi; Chen, Johnny; Farry, Justin; Dixon, Adam; Du, Zhongmin; Dhanaliwala, Ali; Hossack, John; Ranjan, Ashish; Maples, Danny; Wardlow, Rachel; Malayer, Jerry; Ramachandran, Akhilesh; Namba, Hirofumi; Kawasaki, Motohiro; Izumi, Masashi; Kiyasu, Katsuhito; Takemasa, Ryuichi; Ikeuchi, Masahiko; Ushida, Takahiro; Crake, Calum; Kothapalli, Satya V. V. N.; Leighton, Wan; Wang, Zhaorui; Gach, H. Michael; Straube, William; Altman, Michael; Kim, Young-sun; Lim, Hyo Keun; Rhim, Hyunchul; van Breugel, Johanna; Braat, Manon; Moonen, Chrit; van den Bosch, Maurice; Ries, Mario; Marrocchio, Cristina; Dababou, Susan; Lee, Jae Young; Chung, Hyun Hoon; Kang, Soo Yeon; Kang, Kook Jin; Son, Keon Ho; Zhang, Dandan; Plata, Juan; Jones, Peter; Pascal-Tenorio, Aurea; Bouley, Donna; Bond, Aaron; Dallapiazza, Robert; Huss, Diane; Warren, Amy; Sperling, Scott; Gwinn, Ryder; Shah, Binit; Elias, W. Jeff; Curley, Colleen; Zhang, Ying; Negron, Karina; Abounader, Roger; Samiotaki, Gesthimani; Tu, Tsang-Wei; Papadakis, Georgios; Hammoud, Dima; Silvestrini, Matthew; Wolfram, Frank; Güllmar, Daniel; Reichenbach, Juergen; Hofmann, Denis; Böttcher, Joachim; Schubert, Harald; Lesser, Thomas G.; Almquist, Scott; Camarena, Francisco; Jiménez-Gambín, Sergio; Jiménez, Noé; Chang, Jin Woo; Chaplin, Vandiver; Griesenauer, Rebekah; Miga, Michael; Ellens, Nicholas; Airan, Raag; Quinones-Hinojosa, Alfredo; Farahani, Keyvan; Feng, Xue; Fielden, Samuel; Zhao, Li; Wintermark, Max; Meyer, Craig; Guo, Sijia; Lu, Xin; Zhuo, Jiachen; Xu, Su; Gullapalli, Rao; Gandhi, Dheeraj; Brokman, Omer; Baek, Hongchae; Kim, Hyungmin; Leung, Steven; Webb, Taylor; Vykhodtseva, Natalia; Nguyen, Thai-Son; Park, Chang Kyu; Park, Sang Man; Jung, Na Young; Kim, Min Soo; Chang, Won Seok; Jung, Hyun Ho; Plaksin, Michael; Weissler, Yoni; Shoham, Shy; Kimmel, Eitan; Rosnitskiy, Pavel B.; Krupa, Steve; Hazan, Eilon; Naor, Omer; Levy, Yoav; Maimon, Noam; Brosh, Inbar; Kahn, Itamar; Cahill, Jessica; Colas, Elodie Constanciel; Wydra, Adrian; Maev, Roman; Aly, Amirah; Sesenoglu-Laird, Ozge; Padegimas, Linas; Cooper, Mark; Waszczak, Barbara; Tehrani, Seruz; Slingluff, Craig; Larner, James; Andarawewa, Kumari; Ozhinsky, Eugene; Shah, Rutwik; Krug, Roland; Deckers, Roel; Linn, Sabine; Suelmann, Britt; Witkamp, Arjen; Vaessen, Paul; van Diest, Paul; Bartels, Lambertus W.; Bos, Clemens; Borys, Nicolas; Storm, Gert; Van der Wall, Elsken; Farr, Navid; Alnazeer, Moez; Katti, Prateek; Wood, Bradford; Farrer, Alexis; Ferrer, Cyril; de Senneville, Baudouin Denis; van Stralen, Marijn; Liu, Jingfei; Leach, J. Kent; Zidowitz, Stephan; Lee, Hsin-Lun; Hsu, Fang-Chi; Kuo, Chia-Chun; Jeng, Shiu-Chen; Chen, Tung-Ho; Yang, Nai-Yi; Chiou, Jeng-Fong; Kao, Yi-tzu; Pan, Chia-Hsin; Wu, Jing-Fu; Tsai, Yi-Chieh; Johnson, Sara; Li, Dawei; He, Ye; Karakitsios, Ioannis; Schwenke, Michael; Demedts, Daniel; Xiao, Xu; Cavin, Ian; Minalga, Emilee; Merrill, Robb; Hadley, Rock; Ramaekers, Pascal; de Greef, Martijn; Shahriari, Kian; Parvizi, Mohammad Hossein; Asadnia, Kiana; Chamanara, Marzieh; Kamrava, Seyed Kamran; Chabok, Hamid Reza; Stein, Ruben; Muller, Sébastien; Tan, Jeremy; Zachiu, Cornel; Erasmus, Hans-Peter; Van Arsdell, Glen; Benson, Lee; Jang, Kee W.; Angstadt, Mary; Lewis, Bobbi; McLean, Hailey; Hoogenboom, Martijn; Eikelenboom, Dylan; den Brok, Martijn; Wesseling, Pieter; Heerschap, Arend; Fütterer, Jurgen; Adema, Gosse; Wang, Kevin; Zhong, Pei; Joy, Joyce; McLeod, Helen; Kim, Harry; Lewis, Matthew; Ozilgen, Arda; Zahos, Peter; Coughlin, Dezba; Tang, Xinyan; Lotz, Jeff; Jedruszczuk, Kathleen; Gulati, Amitabh; Solomon, Stephen; Kaye, Elena; Mugler, John; Barbato, Gaetano; Scoarughi, Gian Luca; Corso, Cristiano; Gorgone, Alessandro; Migliore, Ilaria Giuseppina; Larrabee, Zachary; Hananel, Arik; Aubry, Jean-Francois; Negussie, Ayele; Wilson, Emmanuel; Seifabadi, Reza; Moon, Hyungwon; Kang, Jeeun; Sim, Changbeom; Chang, Jin Ho; Kim, Hyuncheol; Lee, Hak Jong; Sasaki, Noboru; Takiguchi, Mitsuyoshi; Sebeke, Lukas; Luo, Xi; de Jager, Bram; Heemels, Maurice; Abraham, Christopher; Curiel, Laura; Berriet, Rémi; Janát-Amsbury, Margit; Corea, Joseph; Ye, Patrick Peiyong; Arias, Ana Clauda; Lustig, Micheal; Svedin, BryantPublication Targeted, noninvasive blockade of cortical neuronal activity(Nature Publishing Group, 2015) McDannold, Nathan; Zhang, Yongzhi; Power, Chanikarn; Arvanitis, Costas D.; Vykhodtseva, Natalia; Livingstone, MargaretHere we describe a novel method to noninvasively modulate targeted brain areas through the temporary disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) via focused ultrasound, enabling focal delivery of a neuroactive substance. Ultrasound was used to locally disrupt the BBB in rat somatosensory cortex, and intravenous administration of GABA then produced a dose-dependent suppression of somatosensory-evoked potentials in response to electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve. No suppression was observed 1–5 days afterwards or in control animals where the BBB was not disrupted. This method has several advantages over existing techniques: it is noninvasive; it is repeatable via additional GABA injections; multiple brain regions can be affected simultaneously; suppression magnitude can be titrated by GABA dose; and the method can be used with freely behaving subjects. We anticipate that the application of neuroactive substances in this way will be a useful tool for noninvasively mapping brain function, and potentially for surgical planning or novel therapies.Publication Targeted delivery of GABA via ultrasound-induced blood-brain barrier disruption blocks somatosensory-evoked potentials(BioMed Central, 2015) McDannold, Nathan; Zhang, Yong-Zhi; Power, Chanikarn; Arvanitis, Costas; Vykhodtseva, Natalia; Livingstone, MargaretPublication Ultrasound-induced suppression of visually-evoked potentials: experience in nonhuman primates with a clinical transcranial MRI-guided focused ultrasound system(BioMed Central, 2015) McDannold, Nathan; Arvanitis, Costas; Vykhodtseva, Natalia; Livingstone, MargaretPublication Novel domain formation reveals proto-architecture in inferotemporal cortex(2014) Srihasam, Krishna; Vincent, Justin Lee; Livingstone, MargaretPrimate inferotemporal cortex is subdivided into domains for biologically important categories, like faces, bodies, and scenes, as well as domains for culturally entrained categories, like text or buildings. These domains are in stereotyped locations in most humans and monkeys. To ask what determines the location of such domains, we intensively trained 7 juvenile monkeys to recognize 3 distinct sets of shapes. After training, the monkeys developed regions that were selectively responsive to each trained set. The location of each specialization was similar across monkeys, despite differences in training order. This indicates that the location of training effects does not depend on function or expertise, but rather some kind of proto-organization. We explore the possibility that this proto-organization is retinotopic or shape-based.Publication Can ultrasound contrast agents increase the treatment envelope?(BioMed Central, 2015) McDannold, Nathan; Vykhodtseva, Natalia; Arvanitis, Costas; Livingstone, Margaret; Jolesz, FerencPublication Controlled Ultrasound-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Using Passive Acoustic Emissions Monitoring(Public Library of Science, 2012) Arvanitis, Costas D.; Livingstone, Margaret; Vykhodtseva, Natalia; McDannold, NathanThe ability of ultrasonically-induced oscillations of circulating microbubbles to permeabilize vascular barriers such as the blood-brain barrier (BBB) holds great promise for noninvasive targeted drug delivery. A major issue has been a lack of control over the procedure to ensure both safe and effective treatment. Here, we evaluated the use of passively-recorded acoustic emissions as a means to achieve this control. An acoustic emissions monitoring system was constructed and integrated into a clinical transcranial MRI-guided focused ultrasound system. Recordings were analyzed using a spectroscopic method that isolates the acoustic emissions caused by the microbubbles during sonication. This analysis characterized and quantified harmonic oscillations that occur when the BBB is disrupted, and broadband emissions that occur when tissue damage occurs. After validating the system's performance in pilot studies that explored a wide range of exposure levels, the measurements were used to control the ultrasound exposure level during transcranial sonications at 104 volumes over 22 weekly sessions in four macaques. We found that increasing the exposure level until a large harmonic emissions signal was observed was an effective means to ensure BBB disruption without broadband emissions. We had a success rate of 96% in inducing BBB disruption as measured by in contrast-enhanced MRI, and we detected broadband emissions in less than 0.2% of the applied bursts. The magnitude of the harmonic emissions signals was significantly (P<0.001) larger for sonications where BBB disruption was detected, and it correlated with BBB permeabilization as indicated by the magnitude of the MRI signal enhancement after MRI contrast administration (R2 = 0.78). Overall, the results indicate that harmonic emissions can be a used to control focused ultrasound-induced BBB disruption. These results are promising for clinical translation of this technology.