Publication: Fabrication methods for a quantum cascade photonic crystal surface emitting laser
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Date
2003
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American Vacuum Society
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Tennant, D. M., R. Colombelli, K. Srinivasan, M. Troccoli, O. Painter, C. Gmachl, F. Capasso, A. M. Sergent, D. L. Sivco, and A. Y. Cho. 2003. “Fabrication Methods for a Quantum Cascade Photonic Crystal Surface Emitting Laser.” Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B: Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures 21 (6): 2907. https://doi.org/10.1116/1.1627815.
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Abstract
Conventional quantum cascade (QC) lasers are intrinsically edge-emitting devices with mode confinement achieved via a standard mesa stripe configuration. Surface emission in edge emitting QC lasers has therefore necessitated redirecting the waveguided laser emission using a second order grating. This paper describes the methods used to fabricate a 2D photonic crystal (PC) structure with or without a central defect superimposed on an electrically pumped QC laser structure with the goal of achieving direct surface emission. A successful systematic study of PC hole radius and spacing was performed using e-beam lithography. This PC method offers the promise of a number of interesting applications, including miniaturization and integration of QC lasers. 2003 American Vacuum Society.
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