Subthalamic Nucleus Participation in Audition and Implications for Basal Ganglia Neuromodulation

Abstract

The subthalamic nucleus (STN), a core component of the basal ganglia traditionally known for its role in motor control and its therapeutic relevance in Parkinson’s disease (PD), may also play a significant role in auditory processing and speech. This thesis investigates the electrophysiological response of the STN to auditory stimuli and explores its functional connectivity with cortical auditory regions, particularly the superior temporal gyrus (STG). Using retrospective intraoperative recordings from PD patients undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS), spectral analyses revealed that the STN exhibits consistent beta-band power modulations in response to speech-related sounds, suggesting its active involvement in auditory-motor integration. Comparative analysis with STG responses further supports a networked role of the STN in sensorimotor aspects of speech. Building on these findings, the thesis proposes functional requirements for next-generation DBS systems that can target both motor and auditory-motor circuits to address communication deficits in PD. This work expands the functional understanding of the STN and lays the groundwork for novel neuromodulation strategies that may improve speech and quality of life for individuals with PD.