Homeostatic Imbalance of Purine Catabolism in First-Episode Neuroleptic-Naïve Patients with Schizophrenia
Open/View files
Date
2010
Author(s)
Yao, Jeffrey K.
Dougherty, George G.
Reddy, Ravinder D.
Montrose, Debra M.
Matson, Wayne R.
McEvoy, Joseph
Kaddurah-Daouk, Rima
Publisher
Public Library of Science
The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you.
Citation
Yao, Jeffrey K., George G. Dougherty, Ravinder D. Reddy, Matcheri S. Keshavan, Debra M. Montrose, Wayne R. Matson, Joseph McEvoy, and Rima Kaddurah-Daouk. 2010. Homeostatic imbalance of purine catabolism in first-episode neuroleptic-naïve patients with schizophrenia. PLoS ONE 5(3): e9508.
Abstract
Background: Purine catabolism may be an unappreciated, but important component of the homeostatic response of mitochondria to oxidant stress. Accumulating evidence suggests a pivotal role of oxidative stress in schizophrenia pathology. Methodology/Principal Findings: Using high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with a coulometric multi-electrode array system, we compared 6 purine metabolites simultaneously in plasma between first-episode neuroleptic-naïve patients with schizophrenia (FENNS, n = 25) and healthy controls (HC, n = 30), as well as between FENNS at baseline (BL) and 4 weeks (4w) after antipsychotic treatment. Significantly higher levels of xanthosine (Xant) and lower levels of guanine (G) were seen in both patient groups compared to HC subjects. Moreover, the ratios of G/guanosine (Gr), uric acid (UA)/Gr, and UA/Xant were significantly lower, whereas the ratio of Xant/G was significantly higher in FENNS-BL than in HC. Such changes remained in FENNS-4w with exception that the ratio of UA/Gr was normalized. All 3 groups had significant correlations between G and UA, and Xan and hypoxanthine (Hx). By contrast, correlations of UA with each of Xan and Hx, and the correlation of Xan with Gr were all quite significant for the HC but not for the FENNS. Finally, correlations of Gr with each of UA and G were significant for both HC and FENNS-BL but not for the FENNS-4w. Conclusions/Significance: During purine catabolism, both conversions of Gr to G and of Xant to Xan are reversible. Decreased ratios of product to precursor suggested a shift favorable to Xant production from Xan, resulting in decreased UA levels in the FENNS. Specifically, the reduced UA/Gr ratio was nearly normalized after 4 weeks of antipsychotic treatment. In addition, there are tightly correlated precursor and product relationships within purine pathways; although some of these correlations persist across disease or medication status, others appear to be lost among FENNS. Taken together, these results suggest that the potential for steady formation of antioxidant UA from purine catabolism is altered early in the course of illness.
Other Available Sources
Terms of Use
This article is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material (LAA), as set forth at Terms of Service
Collection