Cold and Slow Molecular Beam

Abstract

Employing a two-stage cryogenic buffer gas cell, we produce a cold, hydrodynamically extracted beam of calcium monohydride molecules with a near effusive velocity distribution. Beam dynamics, thermalization and slowing are studied using laser spectroscopy. The key to this hybrid, effusive-like beam source is a “slowing cell” placed immediately after a hydrodynamic, cryogenic source [Patterson et al., J. Chem. Phys., 2007, 126, 154307]. The resulting CaH beams are created in two regimes. In one regime, a modestly boosted beam has a forward velocity of (v_f = 65 m s^{−1}), a narrow velocity spread, and a flux of 109 molecules per pulse. In the other regime, our slowest beam has a forward velocity of (v_f = 40 m s{−1}), a longitudinal temperature of (3.6 K), and a flux of (5 \times 10^8) molecules per pulse.