Food Addiction: Current Understanding and Implications for Regulation and Research

Abstract

The idea that some processed foods can be addictive has gained support in recent years. Animal and human studies show extensive overlap between the neuronal signaling involved in palatable food consumption and drug addiction. A growing number of individuals also repor being unable to stop consuming certain foods despite repeated efforts, and consuming them to feel better emotionally, rather than to satisfy hunger. While food addiction can contribute to overconsumption of calories and excessive weight gain, it is not synonymous with obesity. The food addiction concept, while controversial, can have important implications for treatment and regulation. Government initiatives have focused on spreading nutrition information, but evidence indicates that most people are eating unhealthy food for emotional reasons, not due to lack of information. If the existence of food addiction gains greater acceptance, it may be particularly important in facilitating the regulation of food advertising directed to children. The model also has implications for research and treatment.