Challenging the Status Quo: A Review on Second-Generation Latinos Joining American Mainstream

Abstract

This study examines second-generation Latinos born in the U.S. after 1965 and their prospects of achieving traditional assimilation in the United States. Some social scientists argue that “classic” straight-line assimilation is a less likely path for Latino-Americans and that segmented or downward assimilation theory will characterize the trajectories of Latino-American youth in the 21st century. Other scholars argue that the path of “classic” straight-assimilation is still an empirically sound theory and that evidence suggests assimilation is taking place over time. Data collected on economic, social, cultural, and civic participation patterns among Hispanics identify key strides that are being accomplished among Latinos and their offspring. I revisit segmented assimilation theory to determine whether dissonant acculturalization is the most influential obstacle for Latino-Americans as they move from adolescence to young adults. I argue that second-generation Latinos are a young group and the studies that project a stagnant or downward path of assimilation are premature. They also create a stigma that negatively labels Latinos, who are a large part of America’s future. My analysis suggests that mobility is occurring for many second-generation Latinos and that this upward mobility will become more apparent over time, just as it did with the European immigrants that arrived in the early 20th century.