Moving-mesh Simulations of Star-forming Cores in Magneto-gravo-turbulence

Abstract

Star formation in our Galaxy occurs in molecular clouds that are self-gravitating, highly turbulent, and magnetized. We study the conditions under which cloud cores inherit large-scale magnetic field morphologies and how the field is governed by cloud turbulence. We present four moving-mesh simulations of supersonic, turbulent, isothermal, self-gravitating gas with a range of magnetic mean-field strengths characterized by the Alfvenic Mach number M-A,M-0, resolving prestellar core formation from parsec to a few astronomical unit scales. In our simulations with the turbulent kinetic energy density dominating over magnetic pressure (M-A,M-0 > 1), we find that the collapse is approximately isotropic with B alpha rho(2/3), core properties are similar regardless of initial mean-field strength, and the field direction on 100 au scales is uncorrelated with the mean field. However, in the case of a dominant large-scale magnetic field (M-A,M-0 = 0.35), the collapse is anisotropic with B alpha rho(1/2). This transition at M-A,M-0 similar to 1 is not expected to be sharp, but clearly signifies two different paths for magnetic field evolution in star formation. Based on observations of different star-forming regions, we conclude that star formation in the interstellar medium may occur in both regimes. Magnetic field correlation with the mean field extends to smaller scales as M-A,M-0 decreases, making future Atacama Large Millimeter Array observations useful for constraining M-A,M-0 of the interstellar medium.