Roles of Mlitary Morale: A Historical Comparison of Mlitary Chaplains, Political Officers, and Commissars

Abstract

This thesis focuses on a comparison of Chaplains, Commissars, and Political Officers—roles currently utilized by the military of the U.S., Russia, and China, respectively. The thesis finds that these roles are quantitatively distinct, but each plays a critical function in military morale. The roles are both unique and comparable, and having such a position in a nation’s military is more beneficial than not having one. The thesis research indicates that the effectiveness of the roles is determined by two key spectrums, rather than simply by their existence. The first spectrum pertains to agency, with Commissars having the highest level of agency, and Chaplains the lowest level. The second spectrum emphasizes ideology as the most significant variable influencing these roles. Consequently, Chaplains, Commissars, and Political Officers who prioritize ideology and possess high agency are most effective at enhancing morale within their respective military organization.