Browsing Harvard Medical School by Title
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Genetic determinants of telomere length and risk of common cancers: a Mendelian randomization study
(Oxford University Press, 2015)Epidemiological studies have reported inconsistent associations between telomere length (TL) and risk for various cancers. These inconsistencies are likely attributable, in part, to biases that arise due to post-diagnostic ... -
Genetic Differences between the Determinants of Lipid Profile Phenotypes in African and European Americans: The Jackson Heart Study
(Public Library of Science, 2009)Genome-wide association analysis in populations of European descent has recently found more than a hundred genetic variants affecting risk for common disease. An open question, however, is how relevant the variants discovered ... -
Genetic Diversity among Enterococcus faecalis
(Public Library of Science, 2007)Enterococcus faecalis, a ubiquitous member of mammalian gastrointestinal flora, is a leading cause of nosocomial infections and a growing public health concern. The enterococci responsible for these infections are often ... -
Genetic diversity is a predictor of mortality in humans
(BioMed Central, 2014)Background: It has been well-established, both by population genetics theory and direct observation in many organisms, that increased genetic diversity provides a survival advantage. However, given the limitations of both ... -
Genetic encoding of DNA nanostructures and their self-assembly in living bacteria
(Nature Publishing Group, 2016)The field of DNA nanotechnology has harnessed the programmability of DNA base pairing to direct single-stranded DNAs (ssDNAs) to assemble into desired 3D structures. Here, we show the ability to express ssDNAs in Escherichia ... -
A genetic epidemiology approach to cyber-security
(Nature Publishing Group, 2014)While much attention has been paid to the vulnerability of computer networks to node and link failure, there is limited systematic understanding of the factors that determine the likelihood that a node (computer) is ... -
The Genetic Etiology of Tourette Syndrome: Large-Scale Collaborative Efforts on the Precipice of Discovery
(Frontiers Media S.A., 2016)Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by multiple motor and phonic tics. It has a complex etiology with multiple genes likely interacting with environmental ... -
Genetic Evidence for a Normal-Weight “Metabolically Obese” Phenotype Linking Insulin Resistance, Hypertension, Coronary Artery Disease, and Type 2 Diabetes
(American Diabetes Association, 2014)The mechanisms that predispose to hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in individuals of normal weight are poorly understood. In contrast, in monogenic primary lipodystrophy—a reduction ... -
Genetic evidence for two founding populations of the Americas
(2015)Genetic studies have been consistent with a single common origin of Native American groups from Central and South America1-4. However, some morphological studies have suggested a more complex picture, whereby the northeast ... -
Genetic evidence of serum phosphate-independent functions of FGF-23 on bone
(Public Library of Science, 2008)Maintenance of physiologic phosphate balance is of crucial biological importance, as it is fundamental to cellular function, energy metabolism, and skeletal mineralization. Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) is a master ... -
Genetic fine-mapping and genomic annotation defines causal mechanisms at type 2 diabetes susceptibility loci
(2015)We performed fine-mapping of 39 established type 2 diabetes (T2D) loci in 27,206 cases and 57,574 controls of European ancestry. We identified 49 distinct association signals at these loci, including five mapping in/near ... -
Genetic Fixity in the Human Major Histocompatibility Complex and Block Size Diversity in the Class I Region Including HLA-E
(BioMed Central, 2007)Background: The definition of human MHC class I haplotypes through association of HLA-A, HLA-Cw and HLA-B has been used to analyze ethnicity, population migrations and disease association. Results: Here, we present HLA-E ... -
The genetic heterogeneity and mutational burden of engineered melanomas in zebrafish models
(BioMed Central, 2013)Background: Melanoma is the most deadly form of skin cancer. Expression of oncogenic BRAF or NRAS, which are frequently mutated in human melanomas, promote the formation of nevi but are not sufficient for tumorigenesis. ... -
The Genetic History of Ice Age Europe
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2016-05-02)Modern humans arrived in Europe ~45,000 years ago, but little is known about their genetic composition before the start of farming ~8,500 years ago. We analyze genomewide data from 51 Eurasians from ~45,000-7,000 years ... -
A Genetic History of the Pre-Contact Caribbean
(Springer Nature, 2020-12-23)Humans settled the Caribbean ~6,000 years ago, with ceramic use and intensified agriculture marking a shift from the Archaic to the Ceramic Age ~2,500 years ago. We report genome-wide data from 174 individuals from The ... -
Genetic Inactivation of COPI Coatomer Separately Inhibits Vesicular Stomatitis Virus Entry and Gene Expression
(American Society for Microbiology, 2012)Viruses coopt cellular membrane transport to invade cells, establish intracellular sites of replication, and release progeny virions. Recent genome-wide RNA interference (RNAi) screens revealed that genetically divergent ... -
Genetic Inactivation of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinases Improves Hepatic Insulin Resistance Induced Diabetes
(Public Library of Science, 2013)Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDK1-4) play a critical role in the inhibition of the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex especially when blood glucose levels are low and pyruvate can be conserved for gluconeogenesis. ... -
Genetic influences on schizophrenia and subcortical brain volumes: large-scale proof-of-concept and roadmap for future studies
(2016)Schizophrenia is a devastating psychiatric illness with high heritability. Brain structure and function differ, on average, between schizophrenia cases and healthy individuals. As common genetic associations are emerging ... -
Genetic inhibition of hepatic acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity increases liver fat and alters global protein acetylationa
(Elsevier, 2014)Lipid deposition in the liver is associated with metabolic disorders including fatty liver disease, type II diabetes, and hepatocellular cancer. The enzymes acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) and ACC2 are powerful regulators ... -
Genetic Interaction between Tmprss2-ERG Gene Fusion and Nkx3.1-Loss Does Not Enhance Prostate Tumorigenesis in Mouse Models
(Public Library of Science, 2015)Gene fusions involving ETS family transcription factors (mainly TMPRSS2-ERG and TMPRSS2-ETV1 fusions) have been found in ~50% of human prostate cancer cases. Although expression of TMPRSS2-ERG or TMPRSS2-ETV1 fusion alone ...