Browsing Faculty of Arts and Sciences by Title
Now showing items 10176-10195 of 24546
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Hydrogels with tunable stress relaxation regulate stem cell fate and activity
(2015)Natural extracellular matrices (ECMs) are viscoelastic and exhibit stress relaxation. However, hydrogels used as synthetic ECMs for three-dimensional (3D) culture are typically elastic. Here, we report a materials approach ... -
Hydrogen Embrittlement of Aluminum: The Crucial Role of Vacancies
(American Physical Society, 2005)We report first-principles calculations which demonstrate that vacancies can combine with hydrogen impurities in bulk aluminum and play a crucial role in the embrittlement of this prototypical ductile solid. Our studies ... -
Hydrogen is an energy source for hydrothermal vent symbioses
(Springer Nature, 2011)The discovery of deep-sea hydrothermal vents in 1977 revolutionized our understanding of the energy sources that fuel primary productivity on Earth. Hydrothermal vent ecosystems are dominated by animals that live in symbiosis ... -
Hydrogen peroxide, organic hydroperoxide, and formaldehyde as primary pollutants from biomass burning
(Wiley-Blackwell, 1997)Hydrogen peroxide, organic hydroperoxide species, and formaldehyde were found to be enhanced within biomass burning plumes during the Transport and Atmospheric Chemistry near the Equator - Atlantic (TRACE A) experiment. ... -
Hydrogen reionization in the Illustris universe
(Oxford University Press, 2015)Hydrodynamical simulations of galaxy formation such as the Illustris simulations have progressed to a state where they approximately reproduce the observed stellar mass function from high to low redshift. This in principle ... -
Hydrogen-bonded diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) pigments as organic semiconductors
(Elsevier BV, 2014)Diketopyrrolopyrroles (DPPs) have recently gained attention as building-blocks for organic semiconducting polymers and small molecules, however the semiconducting properties of their hydrogen-bonded (H-bonded) pigment forms ... -
Hydrogen-Enhanced Local Plasticity in Aluminum: An Ab Initio Study
(American Physical Society, 2001)Dislocation core properties of Al with and without H impurities are studied using the Peierls-Nabarro model with parameters determined by ab initio calculations. We find that H not only facilitates dislocation emission ... -
Hydrogen-Maser Principles and Techniques
(American Physical Society, 1965)Techniques and design principles relevant to the construction and operation of a hydrogen maser are presented in detail. These include methods for the generation of atomic hydrogen, state selection, design of the microwave ... -
Hydrogen-Nitrogen Greenhouse Warming in Earth's Early Atmosphere
(American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2013)Understanding how Earth has sustained surface liquid water throughout its history remains a key challenge, given that the Sun’s luminosity was much lower in the past. Here we show that with an atmospheric composition ... -
Hydrogen-poor Disks in Compact X-Ray Binaries
(American Astronomical Society, 2002)We show that accretion disks in several compact X-ray binaries with hydrogen-depleted donors are likely subject to a thermal ionization instability, unless they are strongly irradiated. These disks are particularly interesting ... -
Hydrogen-Poor Superluminous Supernovae and Long-Duration Gamma-Ray Bursts Have Similar Host Galaxies
(IOP Publishing, 2014)We present optical spectroscopy and optical/near-IR photometry of 31 host galaxies of hydrogenpoor superluminous supernovae (SLSNe), including 15 events from the Pan-STARRS1 Medium Deep Survey. Our sample spans the redshift ... -
Hydrogenation of Semiconductor Surfaces: Si and Ge (111)
(American Physical Society, 1988)The relaxations of hydrogenated Si and Ge (111) surfaces are determined using ab initio self-consistent calculations in a slab configuration. The Si-H and Ge-H bonds are found to be considerably larger than the sum of ... -
Hydrogen‐triggered Type I X‐Ray Bursts in a Two‐Zone Model
(American Astronomical Society, 2007)We use the two-zone model of Cooper & Narayan to study the onset and time evolution of hydrogen-triggered type I X-ray bursts on accreting neutron stars. At the lowest accretion rates, thermally unstable hydrogen burning ... -
Hydrokinetic Approach to Large-Scale Cardiovascular Blood Flow
(Elsevier, 2010)We present a computational method for commodity hardware-based clinical cardiovascular diagnosis based on accurate simulation of cardiovascular blood flow. Our approach leverages the flexibility of the Lattice Boltzmann ... -
Hydrothermal Deposition on the Juan De Fuca Ridge Over Multiple Glacial–interglacial Cycles
(Elsevier BV, 2017-12)Hydrothermal systems play an important role in modern marine chemistry, but little is known about how they may have varied on 100,000 year timescales. Here we present high-resolution records of non-lithogenic metal fluxes ... -
Hydrothermal Exploration of the Fonualei Rift and Spreading Center and the Northeast Lau Spreading Center
(American Geophysical Union, 2006)We report evidence for active hydrothermal venting along two back-arc spreading centers of the NE Lau Basin: the Fonualei Rift and Spreading Center (FRSC) and the Northeast Lau Spreading Center (NELSC). The ridge segments ... -
Hydrothermal iron flux variability following rapid sea level changes
(American Geophysical Union, 2016) -
A Hydrous Melting and Fractionation Model for Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts: Application to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge Near the Azores
(American Geophysical Union, 2004)The major element, trace element, and isotopic composition of mid-ocean ridge basalt glasses affected by the Azores hotspot are strongly correlated with H2O content of the glass. Distinguishing the relative importance of ... -
Hymnic Elements in Empedocles (B 35 DK = 201 Bollack) (English translation)
(Éditions OUSIA - EURORGAN s.p.r.l., 2006)The language of Homeric poetry has often been used to help solve problems in interpreting the poetic language of Empedocles. Conversely, the language of Empedocles may at times help solve problems in understanding Homeric ... -
Hyperactive alpha2-chimaerin reveals the complexity of axon guidance signaling pathways in motor neuron development
(2016-04-14)α2-chimaerin has striking importance for proper neural circuit formation. Individuals with gain-of-function mutations in α2-chimaerin have Duane retraction syndrome, a common neurogenic eye movement disorder, and α2-chimaerin ...