Browsing Harvard Medical School by Keyword "health policy"
Now showing items 1-20 of 24
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Antiviral Resistance and the Control of Pandemic Influenza
(Public Library of Science, 2007)Background: The response to the next influenza pandemic will likely include extensive use of antiviral drugs (mainly oseltamivir), combined with other transmission-reducing measures. Animal and in vitro studies suggest ... -
Challenges for Routine Health System Data Management in a Large Public Programme to Prevent Mother-to-Child HIV Transmission in South Africa
(Public Library of Science, 2009)Background: Recent changes to South Africa's prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) guidelines have raised hope that the national goal of reducing perinatal HIV transmission rates to less than 5% can be ... -
Characteristics and Impact of Drug Detailing for Gabapentin
(Public Library of Science, 2007)Background: Sales visits by pharmaceutical representatives (“drug detailing”) are common, but little is known about the content of these visits or about the impact of visit characteristics on prescribing behavior. In this ... -
Conceptualizing Integration: A Framework for Analysis Applied to Neglected Tropical Disease Control Partnerships
(Public Library of Science, 2008) -
Concussion management in US college football: progress and pitfalls
(2015)Reducing the frequency and severity of concussions from sport is an important issue in public health currently addressed by a multifaceted approach. Given the large number of participants and the comparatively high risk ... -
Concussions and youth football: using a public health law framework to head off a potential public health crisis
(Oxford University Press, 2015)Concussion from sport is increasingly recognized as a public health priority. In response, all states and the District of Columbia have enacted youth concussion legislation. This paper first examines key developments in ... -
Consequences of Cold-Ischemia Time on Primary Nonfunction and Patient and Graft Survival in Liver Transplantation: A Meta-Analysis
(Public Library of Science, 2008)Introduction: The ability to preserve organs prior to transplant is essential to the organ allocation process. Objective: The purpose of this study is to describe the functional relationship between cold-ischemia time (CIT) ... -
Cost-effectiveness of alternative blood-screening strategies for West Nile virus in the United States
(Public Library of Science, 2006)Background: West Nile virus (WNV) is endemic in the US, varying seasonally and by geographic region. WNV can be transmitted by blood transfusion, and mandatory screening of blood for WNV was recently introduced throughout ... -
Cost-Effectiveness of Treating Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis
(Public Library of Science, 2006)Background: Despite the existence of effective drug treatments, tuberculosis (TB) causes 2 million deaths annually worldwide. Effective treatment is complicated by multidrug-resistant TB (MDR TB) strains that respond only ... -
Decision analysis, economic evaluation, and newborn screening: challenges and opportunities
(Springer Nature, 2012)The number of conditions included in newborn screening panels has increased rapidly in the United States during the past decade, and many more conditions are under consideration for addition to state panels. The rare nature ... -
Differential Risk of Death in Older Residents in Nursing Homes Prescribed Specific Antipsychotic Drugs: Population Based Cohort Study
(BMJ Publishing Group Ltd., 2012)Objective: To assess risks of mortality associated with use of individual antipsychotic drugs in elderly residents in nursing homes. Design Population based cohort study with linked data from Medicaid, Medicare, the Minimum ... -
Diminishing Availability of Publicly Funded Slots for Antiretroviral Initiation Among HIV-Infected ART-Eligible Patients in Uganda
(Public Library of Science, 2010)Background: The impact of flat-line funding in the global scale up of antiretroviral therapy (ART) for HIV-infected patients in Africa has not yet been well described. Methods: We evaluated ART-eligible patients and patients ... -
Empirical Evidence for the Effect of Airline Travel on Inter-Regional Influenza Spread in the United States
(Public Library of Science, 2006)Background: The influence of air travel on influenza spread has been the subject of numerous investigations using simulation, but very little empirical evidence has been provided. Understanding the role of airline travel ... -
Estimates of Electronic Medical Records in U.S. Emergency Departments
(Public Library of Science, 2010)Background: Policymakers advocate universal electronic medical records (EMRs) and propose incentives for “meaningful use” of EMRs. Though emergency departments (EDs) are particularly sensitive to the benefits and unintended ... -
High Quality Care and Ethical Pay-for-performance: A Society of General Internal Medicine Policy Analysis
(Springer-Verlag, 2009)BACKGROUND: Pay-for-performance is proliferating, yet its impact on key stakeholders remains uncertain. OBJECTIVE: The Society of General Internal Medicine systematically evaluated ethical issues raised by performance-based ... -
Impact of Insurance Status on Outcomes and Use of Rehabilitation Services in Acute Ischemic Stroke: Findings From Get With The Guidelines‐Stroke
(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2016)Background: Insurance status affects access to care, which may affect health outcomes. The objective was to determine whether patients without insurance or with government‐sponsored insurance had worse quality of care or ... -
A Longitudinal Study of Medicaid Coverage for Tobacco Dependence Treatments in Massachusetts and Associated Decreases in Hospitalizations for Cardiovascular Disease
(Public Library of Science, 2010)Background: Insurance coverage of tobacco cessation medications increases their use and reduces smoking prevalence in a population. However, uncertainty about the impact of this coverage on health care utilization and ... -
Packaging health services when resources are limited: the example of a cervical cancer screening visit
(Public Library of Science, 2006)Background: Increasing evidence supporting the value of screening women for cervical cancer once in their lifetime, coupled with mounting interest in scaling up successful screening demonstration projects, present challenges ... -
Public Access to Genome-Wide Data: Five Views on Balancing Research with Privacy and Protection
(Public Library of Science, 2009)Introductory paragraph: Just over twelve months ago, PLoS Genetics published a paper [1] demonstrating that, given genome-wide genotype data from an individual, it is, in principle, possible to ascertain whether that ... -
Rationality, practice variation and person‐centred health policy: a threshold hypothesis
(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2015)Abstract Variation in practice of medicine is one of the major health policy issues of today. Ultimately, it is related to physicians' decision making. Similar patients with similar likelihood of having disease are often ...