Browsing HMS Scholarly Articles by Keyword "innate immunity"
Now showing items 1-20 of 39
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The Alzheimer's Disease-Associated Amyloid \(\beta\)-Protein Is an Antimicrobial Peptide
(Public Library of Science, 2010)Background: The amyloid \(\beta\)-protein (A\(\beta\)) is believed to be the key mediator of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. A\(\beta\) is most often characterized as an incidental catabolic byproduct that lacks a ... -
The Alzheimer’s Disease-Associated Amyloid β-Protein Is an Antimicrobial Peptide
(Public Library of Science, 2010)Background: The amyloid β-protein (Aβ) is believed to be the key mediator of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. Aβ is most often characterized as an incidental catabolic byproduct that lacks a normal physiological role. ... -
Burn Injury Reduces Neutrophil Directional Migration Speed in Microfluidic Devices
(Public Library of Science, 2010)Thermal injury triggers a fulminant inflammatory cascade that heralds shock, end-organ failure, and ultimately sepsis and death. Emerging evidence points to a critical role for the innate immune system, and several studies ... -
Candida albicans Modulates Host Defense by Biosynthesizing the Pro-Resolving Mediator Resolvin E1
(Public Library of Science, 2007)Candida albicans is an opportunistic fungal pathogen of humans that resides commensally on epithelial surfaces, but can cause inflammation when pathogenic. Resolvins are a class of anti-inflammatory lipids derived from ... -
Combined structural, biochemical and cellular evidence demonstrates that both FGDF motifs in alphavirus nsP3 are required for efficient replication
(The Royal Society, 2016)Recent findings have highlighted the role of the Old World alphavirus non-structural protein 3 (nsP3) as a host defence modulator that functions by disrupting stress granules, subcellular phase-dense RNA/protein structures ... -
Defective NKT Cell Activation by CD1d+ TRAMP Prostate Tumor Cells Is Corrected by Interleukin-12 with alpha-Galactosylceramide
(Public Library of Science, 2010)Numerical and functional defects of invariant natural killer T cells (iNKT) have been documented in human and mouse cancers, resulting in a defect in IFN production in several malignancies. iNKT cells recognize glycolipids ... -
Female resistance to pneumonia identifies lung macrophage nitric oxide synthase-3 as a therapeutic target
(eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd, 2014)To identify new approaches to enhance innate immunity to bacterial pneumonia, we investigated the natural experiment of gender differences in resistance to infections. Female and estrogen-treated male mice show greater ... -
GEF-H1 Mediated Control of NOD1 Dependent NF-κB Activation by Shigella Effectors
(Public Library of Science, 2008)Shigella flexneri has evolved the ability to modify host cell function with intracellular active effectors to overcome the intestinal barrier. The detection of these microbial effectors and the initiation of innate immune ... -
Heterogeneity in Macrophage Phagocytosis of Staphylococcus aureus Strains: High-Throughput Scanning Cytometry-Based Analysis
(Public Library of Science, 2009)Alveolar macrophages (AMs) can phagocytose unopsonized pathogens such as S. aureus via innate immune receptors, such as scavenger receptors (SRs). Cytoskeletal events and signaling pathways involved in phagocytosis of ... -
Histones Join the Fight against Bacteria Inside Cells
(eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd, 2012)Experiments on Drosophila have shown that the histones that are normally bound to lipid droplets inside cells can be released to provide protection against infection. -
Impaired Autophagy of an Intracellular Pathogen Induced by a Crohn's Disease Associated ATG16L1 Variant
(Public Library of Science, 2008)The genetic risk factors predisposing individuals to the development of inflammatory bowel disease are beginning to be deciphered by genome-wide association studies. Surprisingly, these new data point towards a critical ... -
Induction of IgG3 to LPS via Toll-Like Receptor 4 Co-Stimulation
(Public Library of Science, 2008)B-cells integrate antigen-specific signals transduced via the B-cell receptor (BCR) and antigen non-specific co-stimulatory signals provided by cytokines and CD40 ligation in order to produce IgG antibodies. Toll-like ... -
The Inflammatory Response to Double Stranded DNA in Endothelial Cells Is Mediated by by NF\(\kappa\)B and TNF\(\alpha\)
(Public Library of Science, 2011)Endothelial cells represent an important barrier between the intravascular compartment and extravascular tissues, and therefore serve as key sensors, communicators, and amplifiers of danger signals in innate immunity and ... -
Innate Immunity and Resistance to Tolerogenesis in Allotransplantation
(Frontiers Research Foundation, 2012)The development of immunosuppressive drugs to control adaptive immune responses has led to the success of transplantation as a therapy for end-stage organ failure. However, these agents are largely ineffective in suppressing ... -
Mannose-Binding Lectin Deficiency is Associated with Smaller Infarction Size and Favorable Outcome in Ischemic Stroke Patients
(Public Library of Science, 2011)Background: The Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) pathway of complement plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury after experimental ischemic stroke. As comparable data in human ischemic ... -
Microparticle alpha-2-macroglobulin enhances pro-resolving responses and promotes survival in sepsis
(Blackwell, 2014)Incorporation of locally produced signaling molecules into cell-derived vesicles may serve as an endogenous mediator delivery system. We recently reported that levels alpha-2-macroglobulin (A2MG)-containing microparticles ... -
Modeling Infectious Disease in Mice: Co-Adaptation and the Role of Host-Specific IFNγ Responses
(Public Library of Science, 2009) -
MyD88-Dependent Signaling Contributes to Host Defense against Ehrlichial Infection
(Public Library of Science, 2010)The ehrlichiae are small Gram-negative obligate intracellular bacteria in the family Anaplasmataceae. Ehrlichial infection in an accidental host may result in fatal diseases such as human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis, an ... -
Myeloid Cell-Restricted Insulin Receptor Deficiency Protects Against Obesity-Induced Inflammation and Systemic Insulin Resistance
(Public Library of Science, 2010)A major component of obesity-related insulin resistance is the establishment of a chronic inflammatory state with invasion of white adipose tissue by mononuclear cells. This results in the release of pro-inflammatory ... -
Natural Killer Cells in Obesity: Impaired Function and Increased Susceptibility to the Effects of Cigarette Smoke
(Public Library of Science, 2010)Background: Obese individuals who smoke have a 14 year reduction in life expectancy. Both obesity and smoking are independantly associated with increased risk of malignancy. Natural killer cells (NK) are critical mediators ...