Browsing by Title

Now showing items 42157-42176 of 57547

    • Quantifying Geographic Variation in Health Care Outcomes in the United States before and after Risk-Adjustment 

      Rosenberg, Barry L.; Kellar, Joshua A.; Labno, Anna; Matheson, David H. M.; Ringel, Michael; VonAchen, Paige; Lesser, Richard I.; Li, Yue; Dimick, Justin B.; Gawande, Atul A.; Larsson, Stefan H.; Moses, Hamilton (Public Library of Science, 2016)
      Background: Despite numerous studies of geographic variation in healthcare cost and utilization at the local, regional, and state levels across the U.S., a comprehensive characterization of geographic variation in outcomes ...

    • Quantifying Green House Gas (GHG) Emissions for Small Businesses in the US: Effective Policies to Reduce GHG 

      Smith, Lisa Keay (2023-12-18)
      Small to medium sized enterprises (SMEs) make up 99% of businesses in the United States (US) and account for almost half of GDP. Collectively, SMEs play a large role in the economy and should play a large role in sustainability ...

    • Quantifying Green Life: Grand Challenges in Plant Biophysics and Modeling 

      Zwieniecki, Maciej A.; Dumais, Jacques (Frontiers Research Foundation, 2011)

    • Quantifying Information Flow During Emergencies 

      Gao, Liang; Song, Chaoming; Gao, Ziyou; Barabási, Albert-László; Bagrow, James P.; Wang, Dashun (Nature Publishing Group, 2014)
      Recent advances on human dynamics have focused on the normal patterns of human activities, with the quantitative understanding of human behavior under extreme events remaining a crucial missing chapter. This has a wide ...

    • Quantifying Interhospital Patient Sharing as a Mechanism for Infectious Disease Spread 

      Huang, Susan S.; Avery, Taliser R.; Song, Yeohan; Elkins, Kristen R.; Nguyen, Christopher C.; Nutter, Sandra K.; Nafday, Alaka S.; Condon, Curtis J.; Chang, Michael T.; Chrest, David; Boos, John; Bobashev, Georgiy; Wheaton, William; Frank, Steven A.; Platt, Richard; Lipsitch, Marc; Bush, Robin M.; Eubank, Stephen; Burke, Donald S.; Lee, Bruce Y. (Cambridge University Press, 2010)
      BACKGROUND. Assessments of infectious disease spread in hospitals seldom account for interfacility patient sharing. This is particularly important for pathogens with prolonged incubation periods or carrier states.METHODS. ...

    • Quantifying Localizations and Dynamics in Single Bacterial Cells 

      Landgraf, Dirk (2012-11-19)
      Levels of macromolecules fluctuate both spatially and temporally in individual cells. Such heterogeneity could be exploited for bet hedging in uncertain environments, or be suppressed by negative feedback if perturbations ...

    • Quantifying Methane Emissions Using Satellite Observations 

      Wecht, Kevin James (2014-02-25)
      Methane is the second most influential anthropogenic greenhouse gas. There are large uncertainties in the magnitudes and trends of methane emissions from different source types and source regions. Satellite observations ...

    • Quantifying Missing Heritability at Known GWAS Loci 

      Gusev, Alexander; Bhatia, Gaurav; Zaitlen, Noah; Vilhjalmsson, Bjarni J.; Diogo, Dorothée; Stahl, Eli A.; Gregersen, Peter K.; Worthington, Jane; Klareskog, Lars; Raychaudhuri, Soumya; Plenge, Robert M.; Pasaniuc, Bogdan; Price, Alkes L. (Public Library of Science, 2013)
      Recent work has shown that much of the missing heritability of complex traits can be resolved by estimates of heritability explained by all genotyped SNPs. However, it is currently unknown how much heritability is missing ...

    • Quantifying Neighbourhood Socioeconomic Effects in Clustering of Behaviour-Related Risk Factors: A Multilevel Analysis 

      Halonen, Jaana I.; Kivimäki, Mika; Pentti, Jaana; Kawachi, Ichiro; Virtanen, Marianna; Martikainen, Pekka; Subramanian, S. V. Venkata; Vahtera, Jussi (Public Library of Science, 2012)
      Background: The extent to which neighbourhood characteristics explain accumulation of health behaviours is poorly understood. We examined whether neighbourhood disadvantage was associated with co-occurrence of behaviour-related ...

    • Quantifying Nonspecific TEM  -Lactamase (blaTEM) Genes in a Wastewater Stream 

      Lachmayr, Karen Linda; Kerkhof, L. J.; DiRienzo, A. G.; Cavanaugh, Colleen Marie; Ford, T. E. (American Society for Microbiology, 2008)
      To control the antibiotic resistance epidemic, it is necessary to understand the distribution of genetic material encoding antibiotic resistance in the environment and how anthropogenic inputs, such as wastewater, affect ...

    • Quantifying Observational Projection Effects Using Molecular Cloud Simulations 

      Beaumont, Christopher N; S. R. Offner, Stella; Shetty, Rahul; Glover, Simon C. O.; Goodman, Alyssa (American Astronomical Society, 2013)
      The physical properties of molecular clouds are often measured using spectral-line observations, which provide the only probes of the clouds' velocity structure. It is hard, though, to assess whether and to what extent ...

    • Quantifying Patterns of Morphological Diversity 

      Fritz, Joerg (2013-10-18)
      One of the central questions of biology is how shape is formed by the interaction

    • Quantifying resilience to recurrent ecosystem disturbances using flow–kick dynamics 

      Iams, Sarah; Meyer, Katherine; Hoyer-Leitzel, Alanna; Klasky, Ian; Lee, Victoria; Ligtenberg, Stephen; Bussmann, Erika; Zeeman, Mary Lou (Springer Nature America, Inc, 2018-11-13)
      Shifting ecosystem disturbance patterns due to climate change (e.g. storms, droughts, wildfires) or direct human interference (e.g. harvests, nutrient loading) highlight the importance of quantifying and strengthening the ...

    • Quantifying Resources in General Resource Theory with Catalysts 

      Anshu, Anurag; Hsieh, Min-Hsiu; Jain, Rahul (American Physical Society (APS), 2018-11-09)
      We consider a general resource theory that allows the use of free resource as a catalyst. We show that the amount of `resource' contained in a given state, in the asymptotic scenario, is equal to the regularized relative ...

    • Quantifying Risk Over the Life Course – Latency, Age-Related Susceptibility, and Other Time-Varying Exposure Metrics 

      Wang, Molin; Liao, Xiaomei; Laden, Francine; Spiegelman, Donna (Wiley, 2016)
      Identification of the latency period and age-related susceptibility, if any, is an important aspect of assessing risks of environmental, nutritional, and occupational exposures. We consider estimation and inference for ...

    • Quantifying Sources of Variation in High-throughput Biology 

      Franks, Alexander M. (2015-05-07)
      One of the central challenges in systems biology research is disentangling relevant and irrelevant sources of variation. While the relevant quantities are always context dependent, an important distinction can be drawn ...

    • Quantifying Sovereignty: A New Way to Examine an Essential Concept 

      Barnett, Michael Andrew (2017-04-12)
      There were three primary reasons for this study. First, the study attempted to create a quantitative framework for measuring the concept of sovereignty in order to facilitate easier comparative analyses. This framework, ...

    • Quantifying Stochastic Noise in Cultured Circadian Reporter Cells 

      St. John, Peter C.; Doyle, Francis J. (Public Library of Science, 2015)
      Stochastic noise at the cellular level has been shown to play a fundamental role in circadian oscillations, influencing how groups of cells entrain to external cues and likely serving as the mechanism by which cell-autonomous ...

    • Quantifying the Dependence of Westerly Wind Bursts on the Large-Scale Tropical Pacific SST 

      Tziperman, Eli; Yu, Lisan (American Meteorological Society, 2007)
      The correlation between parameters characterizing observed westerly wind bursts (WWBs) in the equatorial Pacific and the large-scale SST is analyzed using singular value decomposition. The WWB parameters include the ...

    • Quantifying the Eddy–Jet Feedback Strength of the Annular Mode in an Idealized GCM and Reanalysis Data 

      Ma, Ding; Hassanzadeh, Pedram; Kuang, Zhiming (American Meteorological Society, 2017)
      A linear response function (LRF) that relates the temporal tendency of zonal-mean temperature and zonal wind to their anomalies and external forcing is used to accurately quantify the strength of the eddy–jet feedback ...