Publication: R&D Costs and Productivity in Biopharmaceuticals
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Date
2011
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John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University
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Citation
Scherer, F.M. 2011. R&D Costs and Productivity in Biopharmaceuticals. HKS Faculty Research Working Paper Series RWP11-046, John F. Kennedy School of Government, Harvard University
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Abstract
This article characterizes the activities required to launch a new pharmaceutical molecule into the market, summarizes studies that have attempted to pinpoint the research and development costs incurred per approved new molecule, and analyzes the various critiques levied against published R&D cost estimates. It finds that by any reckoning, R&D costs per approved molecule have risen sharply over time, most likely at a rate of approximately 7 percent per year after stripping out the effects of general economic inflation.
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Keywords
MBG - Markets, Business, and Government, Health, Health Economics, Innovation
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