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Mechanism and Function of Dendritic Self-Avoidance and Self/non-Self Discrimination in the Mammalian Nervous System
(2015-06-29)
Dendritic and axonal arbors of many neuronal types exhibit self-avoidance, a phenomenon in which branches repel each other. This process ensures that individual neurons cover all parts of their territory uniformly. Some ...
Function-Specific Serotonergic Neurons in the Control of Breathing and Body Temperature
(2015-10-05)
The control of respiration and body temperature involves neural circuits within the brainstem modulated by the neurotransmitter serotonin (5HT), though it is unclear precisely which serotonergic neurons are critical to ...
Synaptic Specificity and Plasticity in Parvalbumin-Basket Cell Circuits
(2015-09-29)
Inhibitory interneurons regulate experience-dependent plasticity across brain regions. Perisomatic inhibition by fast-spiking, parvalbumin-positive basket cells (PV-cells) is central to these processes, but which synapses ...
The role of centriole biogenesis in control of brain size
(2015-08-24)
Mutations in several genes that encode centrosomal proteins dramatically decrease the size of the human brain, which is the largest in the primate lineage, but how the proteins encoded by these microcephaly (‘small brain’) ...
The Regulation of Immunological Processes by Peripheral Neurons
(2015-09-23)
The nervous system and the immune system are the primary sensory interfaces between the internal and external environment. They are responsible for recognizing, integrating, and responding to stimuli with the appropriate ...
Transcriptional Controls Over Specification of Neocortical Projection Neuron Subtype and Area Identity
(2015-08-04)
The complex and sophisticated neocortical circuits that mediate higher-order brain functions are assembled from an extraordinary variety of neuronal subtypes, each with distinct morphologies, output connectivity, and ...
Contextual Modulation of Early Visual Processing and the Role of Cortico-Cortical Feedback
(2016-05-14)
How does the brain form a useful representation of its external environment from the astoundingly complex patterns of sensory signals it receives? This question has motivated the field of systems neuroscience for decades. ...
Emergence of Reward Coding in the Olfactory System
(2016-05-17)
Identifying dangerous or rewarding elements in an animal’s surroundings is an important – if not primary – function of sensory systems. This holds particularly true for the mouse olfactory system since odors convey crucial ...
The Brain Has an Innate Immune Response That Can Limit Virus Spread
(2016-05-17)
The brain has a tightly regulated environment that protects non-regenerating post-mitotic neurons and limits inflammation, which led to its description as a site of ‘immune privilege’. For example, viral and bacterial ...
Neural Circuit Mechanisms Underlying Skill Learning, Adaptation, and Maintenance
(2016-05-18)
Part I
Mastering a motor skill, such as a playing the guitar, requires precisely controlling both spatial and temporal aspects of motor output – that is, what movements to perform when. While it is generally assumed that ...