Browsing Harvard Medical School by Title
Now showing items 9374-9393 of 18442
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Interictal dysfunction of a brainstem descending modulatory center in migraine patients
(Public Library of Science, 2008)Background: The brainstem contains descending circuitry that can modulate nociceptive processing (neural signals associated with pain) in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord and the medullary dorsal horn. In migraineurs, ... -
Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy
(MyJove Corporation, 2016)Crucial to the success of epilepsy surgery is the availability of a robust biomarker that identifies the Epileptogenic Zone (EZ). High Frequency Oscillations (HFOs) have emerged as potential presurgical biomarkers for the ... -
Interleukin 18 function in atherosclerosis is mediated by the interleukin 18 receptor and the Na-Cl co-transporter
(Nature Publishing Group, 2015)Interleukin-18 (IL18) participates in atherogenesis through several putative mechanisms1, 2. Interruption of IL18 action reduces atherosclerosis in mice3, 4. Here, we show that absence of the IL18 receptor (IL18r) does not ... -
Interleukin 1: a mitogen for human vascular smooth muscle cells that induces the release of growth-inhibitory prostanoids.
(American Society for Clinical Investigation, 1988)There is much interest in defining the signals that initiate abnormal proliferation of cells in a variety of states characterized by the presence of mononuclear phagocytes. Since IL-1 is a major secretory product of activated ... -
Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist suppresses Langerhans cell activity and promotes ocular immune privilege
(1998)PURPOSE: To determine whether the capacity of Langerhans cells (LCs) to abrogate ocular immune privilege can be suppressed by the topical application of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra). METHODS: Cautery was ... -
Interleukin-1β inhibition and the prevention of recurrent cardiovascular events: Rationale and Design of the Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcomes Study (CANTOS)
(Elsevier BV, 2011)Background Inflammation contributes to all phases of the atherothrombotic process, and patients with elevated inflammatory biomarkers such as high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) have increased vascular risk. Yet, ... -
Interleukin-22 exacerbates airway inflammation induced by short-term exposure to cigarette smoke in mice
(Nature Publishing Group, 2014)Aim: Interleukin-22 (IL-22) exhibits both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory properties in various biological processes. In this study we explored the effects of exogenous recombinant IL-22 (rIL-22) on cigarette smoke ... -
Interleukin-22 Inhibits Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Fibrosis
(Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2013)Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and fatal fibrotic disease of the lungs with unclear etiology. Recent insight has suggested that early injury/inflammation of alveolar epithelial cells could lead to dysregulation of ... -
Interleukin-3 amplifies acute inflammation and is a potential therapeutic target in sepsis
(American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2015)Sepsis is a frequently fatal condition characterized by an uncontrolled and harmful host reaction to microbial infection. Despite the prevalence and severity of sepsis, we lack a fundamental grasp of its pathophysiology. ... -
Interleukin-33 Primes Mast Cells for Activation by IgG Immune Complexes
(Public Library of Science, 2012)Mast cells (MCs) are heterogeneous cells whose phenotype is modulated by signals received from the local microenvironment. Recent studies have identified the mesenchymal-derived cytokine IL-33 as a potent direct activator ... -
Interleukin-6 Is a Risk Factor for Atrial Fibrillation in Chronic Kidney Disease: Findings from the CRIC Study
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In this study, we examined the association between inflammation and AF in 3,762 adults with CKD, enrolled in ... -
Interleukin-6 Receptor Gene, Plasma C-Reactive Protein, and Diabetes Risk in Women
(American Diabetes Association, 2009)OBJECTIVE—Recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) related common variants in the interleukin-6 (Il-6) receptor (IL6R) gene to plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. Because IL6R variants were previously ... -
Interleukin-6 Secretion by Astrocytes Is Dynamically Regulated by PI3K-mTOR-Calcium Signaling
(Public Library of Science, 2014)After contusion spinal cord injury (SCI), astrocytes become reactive and form a glial scar. While this reduces spreading of the damage by containing the area of injury, it inhibits regeneration. One strategy to improve the ... -
Interleukin-7 treatment of PML in a patient with idiopathic lymphocytopenia
(Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2016)Objective: To describe the compassionate use of interleukin-7 (IL-7) for treatment of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in the setting of idiopathic CD8+ greater than CD4+ lymphocytopenia. Methods: A 66-year-old ... -
Intermediate acting non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents and risk of postoperative respiratory complications: prospective propensity score matched cohort study
(BMJ Publishing Group Ltd., 2012)Objective: To determine whether use of intermediate acting neuromuscular blocking agents during general anesthesia increases the incidence of postoperative respiratory complications. Design: Prospective, propensity score ... -
Intermediate filaments enable pathogen docking to trigger type 3 effector translocation
(2016)Type 3 secretion systems (T3SSs) of bacterial pathogens translocate bacterial effector proteins that mediate disease into the eukaryotic cytosol. Effectors traverse the plasma membrane through a translocon pore formed by ... -
Intermediate Phenotypes Identify Divergent Pathways to Alzheimer's Disease
(Public Library of Science, 2010)Background: Recent genetic studies have identified a growing number of loci with suggestive evidence of association with susceptibility to Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, little is known of the role of these candidate ... -
The “Intermediate” CD14++CD16+ monocyte subset increases in severe peripheral artery disease in humans
(Nature Publishing Group, 2016)Monocytes are key players in atherosclerotic. Human monocytes display a considerable heterogeneity and at least three subsets can be distinguished. While the role of monocyte subset heterogeneity has already been well ... -
Intermittent high-dose treatment with erlotinib enhances therapeutic efficacy in EGFR-mutant lung cancer
(Impact Journals LLC, 2015)Treatment with EGFR kinase inhibitors improves progression-free survival of patients with EGFR-mutant lung cancer. However, all patients with initial response will eventually acquire resistance and die from tumor recurrence. ... -
An Intermittent Live Cell Imaging Screen for siRNA Enhancers and Suppressors of a Kinesin-5 Inhibitor
(Public Library of Science, 2009)Kinesin-5 (also known as Eg5, KSP and Kif11) is required for assembly of a bipolar mitotic spindle. Small molecule inhibitors of Kinesin-5, developed as potential anti-cancer drugs, arrest cell in mitosis and promote ...