Browsing Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health by Title
Now showing items 4466-4485 of 6618
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Optical Imaging of Mesenchymal Epithelial Transition Factor (MET) for Enhanced Detection and Characterization of Primary and Metastatic Hepatic Tumors
(Ivyspring International Publisher, 2016)Purpose: To assess optical imaging of Mesenchymal-Epithelial Transition factor (MET) for delineation and characterization of intrahepatic models of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and metastatic colorectal cancer ... -
Optimal body weight for health and longevity: bridging basic, clinical, and population research
(BlackWell Publishing Ltd, 2014)Excess body weight and adiposity cause insulin resistance, inflammation, and numerous other alterations in metabolic and hormonal factors that promote atherosclerosis, tumorigenesis, neurodegeneration, and aging. Studies ... -
Optimal combination of number of participants and number of repeated measurements in longitudinal studies with time-varying exposure
(Wiley, 2013)In the context of observational longitudinal studies, we explored the values of the number of participants and the number of repeated measurements that maximize the power to detect the hypothesized effect, given the total ... -
Optimal dietary patterns for prevention of chronic disease
(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2023-03)Multiple dietary patterns have been associated with different diseases; however, their comparability to improve overall health is yet to be determined. In 205,852 healthcare professionals from three US cohorts followed ... -
Optimal Lifestyle Components in Young Adulthood Are Associated With Maintaining the Ideal Cardiovascular Health Profile Into Middle Age
(John Wiley and Sons Inc., 2015)Background: Middle‐aged adults with ideal blood pressure, cholesterol, and glucose levels exhibit substantially lower cardiovascular mortality than those with unfavorable levels. Four healthy lifestyle components—optimal ... -
Optimal Use of New and Existing Drugs for Tuberculosis Control
(2016-06-29)Tuberculosis (TB) recently surpassed HIV as the world’s leading infectious killer. Because antibiotic therapy forms the cornerstone of TB control, prevention, and treatment, it is important to apply TB drugs in a way that ... -
Optimization of a nanotechnology based antimicrobial platform for food safety applications using Engineered Water Nanostructures (EWNS)
(Nature Publishing Group, 2016)A chemical free, nanotechnology-based, antimicrobial platform using Engineered Water Nanostructures (EWNS) was recently developed. EWNS have high surface charge, are loaded with reactive oxygen species (ROS), and can ... -
Optimization of flow cytometric detection and cell sorting of transgenic Plasmodium parasites using interchangeable optical filters
(BioMed Central, 2012)Background: Malaria remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Flow cytometry-based assays that take advantage of fluorescent protein (FP)-expressing malaria parasites have proven to be valuable tools for ... -
Optimizing infectious disease interventions during an emerging epidemic
(National Academy of Sciences, 2010)The emergence and global impact of the novel influenza A(H1N1) v highlights the continuous threat to public health posed by a steady stream of new and unexpected infectious disease outbreaks in animals and humans. Once an ... -
Optimizing Partner Notification Programs for Men Who Have Sex with Men: Factorial Survey Results from South China
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Background: Syphilis is prevalent among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China. Syphilis partner notification (PN) programs targeting MSM has been considered as one of effective strategies to prevention and control of ... -
Oral Bisphosphonates and Risk of Subtrochanteric or Diaphyseal Femur Fractures in a Population-Based Cohort
(Wiley, 2011)Bisphosphonates are the primary therapy for postmenopausal and glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis. Case series suggest a potential link between prolonged use of bisphosphonates and low-energy fracture of subtrochanteric ... -
Oral Cancer Treatment Costs in Greece and the Effect of Advanced Disease
(BioMed Central, 2002)Background: The main purpose of the study was to quantify the direct costs of oral cancer treatment to the healthcare system of Greece. Another aim was to identify factors that affect costs and potential cost reduction ... -
Oral Contraceptive Use and Breast Cancer: A Prospective Study of Young Women
(American Association for Cancer Research, 2010)Background: Previous studies convincingly showed an increase in risk of breast cancer associated with current or recent use of oral contraceptives from the 1960s to 1980s. The relation of contemporary oral contraceptive ... -
Oral contraceptive use and risk of melanoma in premenopausal women
(Springer Nature, 1999)Melanoma has been increasing in white populations. Incidence rates rise steeply in women until about age 50, suggesting oestrogen as a possible risk factor. Oestrogens can increase melanocyte count and melanin content and ... -
Oral contraceptive use and the risk of Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus in a large prospective study of women
(Springer Verlag, 1992)We examined the association between oral contraceptive use and incidence of Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus among 115117 female nurses free of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer in 1976 and ... -
Oral Contraceptives and Ovulatory Causes of Delayed Fertility
(Oxford University Press, 1997)The return of fertility for women who discontinue oral contraceptives takes longer as compared with women who discontinue other methods of contraception. It remains unclear, however, whether subsequent fertility differs ... -
Oral Health Disparities and Unmet Dental Needs among Preschool Children in Chelsea, MA: Exploring Mechanisms, Defining Solutions
(2014)Background: Significant disparities exist in children’s receipt of preventive dental care (PDC) in the United States. Many of the children at greatest risk of dental disease do not receive timely PDC; when they do receive ... -
Oral health-related quality of life of children and teens with sickle cell disease
(Sociedade Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia, 2016)Background: Children with sickle cell disease may have their quality of life affected by oral alterations. However, there is still little data on oral health-related quality of life in these children. The aim of this study ... -
Oral Ingestion of Hexavalent Chromium through Drinking Water and Cancer Mortality in an Industrial Area of Greece - An Ecological Study
(BioMed Central, 2011)Background: Hexavalent chromium is a known carcinogen when inhaled, but its carcinogenic potential when orally ingested remains controversial. Water contaminated with hexavalent chromium is a worldwide problem, making this ...