Browsing SPH Scholarly Articles by Title
Now showing items 4246-4265 of 6362
-
Obesity, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular prognosis: from the Partners coronary computed tomography angiography registry
(BioMed Central, 2017)Objective: To investigate the relationship among body mass index (BMI), cardiometabolic risk and coronary artery disease (CAD) among patients undergoing coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA). Methods: Retrospective ... -
Obesity, Physical Activity, and Their Interaction in Incident Atrial Fibrillation in Postmenopausal Women
(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2014)Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia and is associated with increased risk of stroke and death. Obesity is an independent risk factor for AF, but modifiers of this risk are not well ... -
Obesity-induced Lymphedema Nonreversible following Massive Weight Loss
(Wolters Kluwer Health, 2015)Summary: Lymphedema is the progressive enlargement of tissue due to inadequate lymphatic function. Obesity-induced lymphedema of the lower extremities can occur once a patient’s body mass index (BMI) exceeds 50. We report ... -
Obesity-induced Upper Extremity Lymphedema
(Wolters Kluwer Health, 2013)Summary: Obesity increases the risk of upper extremity lymphedema following treatment for breast cancer and can cause lower extremity lymphatic dysfunction in extremely obese individuals. We report the first patient with ... -
Objective assessment of urban built environment related to physical activity — development, reliability and validity of the China Urban Built Environment Scan Tool (CUBEST)
(BioMed Central, 2014)Background: Some aspects of the neighborhood built environment may influence residents’ physical activity, which in turn, affects their health. This study aimed to develop an urban built environment evaluation tool and ... -
Objectively measured physical activity and sedentary behaviour and ankle brachial index: Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations in older men
(Elsevier, 2016)Background: Associations between bouts of physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and cardiovascular disease, and their mutual independence are not well defined. A low ankle brachial index (ABI ≤0.9) indicates ... -
Objectively measured physical activity, sedentary time and subclinical vascular disease: Cross-sectional study in older British men
(Academic Press, 2016)Low physical activity (PA) and high levels of sedentary time (ST) are associated with higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among older people. However, their independent contribution and importance of duration of PA ... -
Observational studies analyzed like randomized experiments: an application to postmenopausal hormone therapy and coronary heart disease
(Lippincott, Williams & Wilkins, 2008)Background: The Women's Health Initiative randomized trial found greater coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in women assigned to estrogen/progestin therapy than in those assigned to placebo. Observational studies had ... -
Observational studies and the difficult quest for causality: Lessons from vaccine effectiveness and impact studies
(Oxford University Press (OUP), 2016)Although randomized placebo-controlled trials (RCT) are critical to establish efficacy of vaccines at the time of licensure, important remaining questions about vaccine effectiveness (VE) – used here to include individual-level ... -
An observational study of the impact of service use on suicidality among adults with mental disorders
(Springer International Publishing, 2014)Background: It is unclear whether treatment of mental disorders reduces the probability that a) people without suicidal ideation will begin to contemplate suicide, or b) people who have thought about killing themselves ... -
Obstetric Facility Quality and Newborn Mortality in Malawi: A Cross-Sectional Study
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Background: Ending preventable newborn deaths is a global health priority, but efforts to improve coverage of maternal and newborn care have not yielded expected gains in infant survival in many settings. One possible ... -
Obstetric Outcomes of Mothers Previously Exposed to Sexual Violence
(Public Library of Science, 2016)Background: There is a scarcity of data on the association of sexual violence and women's subsequent obstetric outcomes. Our aim was to investigate whether women exposed to sexual violence as teenagers (12–19 years of age) ... -
Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Progression of Coronary Artery Calcium: The Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Study
(Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 2014)Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common condition associated with cardiovascular disease. Its potential effect on progression of subclinical atherosclerosis is not well understood. We tested the hypothesis ... -
Obstructive sleep apnea and psychomotor vigilance task performance
(Dove Medical Press, 2014)Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent disorder with considerable morbidity and mortality. Vigilance and attentiveness are often impaired in OSA patients. In occupational medicine settings, subjective ... -
Obstructive Sleep Apnea in North American Commercial Drivers
(National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan, 2014)The most common medical cause of excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Specifically, among an estimated 14 million US commercial drivers, 17–28% or 2.4 to 3.9 million are expected to have ... -
Occupational Asthma and Contact Dermatitis in a Spray Painter after Introduction of an Aziridine Cross-Linker.
(The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 1999)A 23-year-old spray painter developed contact dermatitis and respiratory difficulty characterized by small airways obstruction shortly after the polyfunctional aziridine cross-linker CX-100 began to be used in his workplace ... -
Occupational exposures among nurses and risk of spontaneous abortion
(Elsevier, 2012)OBJECTIVE: We investigated self-reported occupational exposure to antineoplastic drugs, anesthetic gases, antiviral drugs, sterilizing agents (disinfectants), and X-rays and the risk of spontaneous abortion in US nurses.STUDY ... -
Occupational factors and risk of preterm birth in nurses
(Elsevier, 2009)OBJECTIVE: We evaluated first-trimester exposures and the risk of preterm birth in the most recent pregnancy of participants of the Nurses' Health Study II.STUDY DESIGN: Log binomial regression was used to estimate the ... -
Occupational pesticide exposure in early pregnancy associated with sex-specific neurobehavioral deficits in the children at school age
(Elsevier BV, 2015)Prenatal exposure to pesticides may affect neurodevelopment, but the impact of modern pesticides is unclear. During 1997-2001, women working in greenhouse horticultures were recruited in the beginning of their pregnancy. ...