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Estimating the Independent Effects of Multiple Pollutants in the Presence of Measurement Error: An Application of a Measurement-Error–Resistant Technique
(2004)
Misclassification of exposure usually leads to biased estimates of exposure–response associations. This is particularly an issue in cases with multiple correlated exposures, where the direction of bias is uncertain. It is ...
The effects of socioeconomic status and indices of physical environment on reduced birth weight and preterm births in Eastern Massachusetts
(BioMed Central, 2008)
Background: Air pollution and social characteristics have been shown to affect indicators of health. While use of spatial methods to estimate exposure to air pollution has increased the power to detect effects, questions ...
Effect of Calcium Supplementation on Blood Lead Levels in Pregnancy: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2008)
Background: Prenatal lead exposure is associated with deficits in fetal growth and neurodevelopment. Calcium supplementation may attenuate fetal exposure by inhibiting mobilization of maternal bone lead and/or intestinal ...
Postural Changes in Blood Pressure Associated with Interactions between Candidate Genes for Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Exposure to Particulate Matter
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2009)
Background: Fine particulate matter [aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5)] has been associated with autonomic dysregulation.Objective We hypothesized that PM2.5 influences postural changes in systolic blood pressure (ΔSBP) ...
Fetal Lead Exposure at Each Stage of Pregnancy as a Predictor of Infant Mental Development
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2006)
Background: The impact of prenatal lead exposure on neurodevelopment remains unclear in terms of consistency, the trimester of greatest vulnerability, and the best method for estimating fetal lead exposure. Objective: We ...
Weather-Based Prediction of Plasmodium Falciparum Malaria in Epidemic-Prone Regions of Ethiopia II. Weather-Based Prediction Systems Perform Comparably to Early Detection Systems in Identifying Times for Interventions
(BioMed Central, 2004)
Background: Timely and accurate information about the onset of malaria epidemics is essential for effective control activities in epidemic-prone regions. Early warning methods that provide earlier alerts (usually by the ...
Black Carbon Exposure, Oxidative Stress Genes, and Blood Pressure in a Repeated-measures Study
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2009)
Background: Particulate matter (PM) air pollution has been associated with cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, and elevated blood pressure (BP) is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. A small number of studies ...
Reference Values for Methacholine Reactivity (SAPALDIA Study)
(BioMed Central, 2005)
Background: The distribution of airway responsiveness in a general population of non-smokers without respiratory symptoms has not been established, limiting its use in clinical and epidemiological practice. We derived ...
The Concentration-Response Relation Between PM\(_{2.5}\) and Daily Deaths.
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2002)
Particulate air pollution at commonly occurring concentrations is associated with daily deaths. Recent attention has focused on the shape of the concentration-response curve, particularly at low doses. Several recent ...
Is the Association of Airborne Particles with Daily Deaths Confounded by Gaseous Air Pollutants? An Approach to Control by Matching
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, 2004)
Although particulate air pollution has been associated with increased numbers of daily deaths in dozens of cities around the world, issues still remain about the association. Some have questioned the complex modeling used ...