Browsing Harvard Medical School by Title

Now showing items 15704-15723 of 18442

    • Signaling Mechanisms Controlling Cell Fate and Embryonic Patterning 

      Perrimon, Norbert; Pitsouli, Chrysoula; Shilo, Ben-Zion (2012)
      During development, signaling pathways specify cell fates by activating transcriptional programs in response to extracellular signals. Extensive studies in the past 30 years have revealed that surprisingly few pathways ...

    • Signaling pathways required for macrophage scavenger receptor-mediated phagocytosis: analysis by scanning cytometry 

      Sulahian, Timothy H; Imrich, Amy; Winkler, Aaron R; Deloid, Glen M; Kobzik, Lester (BioMed Central, 2008)
      Background: Scavenger receptors are important components of the innate immune system in the lung, allowing alveolar macrophages to bind and phagocytose numerous unopsonized targets. Mice with genetic deletions of scavenger ...

    • Signaling Role of Prokineticin 2 on the Estrous Cycle of Female Mice 

      Xiao, Ling; Zhang, Chengkang; Li, Xiaohan; Gong, Shiaoching; Hu, Renming; Balasubramanian, Ravikumar; Crowley W. Jr., William F.; Hastings, Michael H.; Zhou, Qun-Yong (Public Library of Science, 2014)
      The possible signaling role of prokineticin 2 (PK2) and its receptor, prokineticin receptor 2 (PKR2), on female reproduction was investigated. First, the expression of PKR2 and its co-localization with estrogen receptor ...

    • Signature-Based Small Molecule Screening Identifies Cytosine Arabinoside as an EWS/FLI Modulator in Ewing Sarcoma 

      Stegmaier, Kimberly; Wong, Jenny S; Ross, Kenneth N; Chow, Kwan T; Peck, David; Wright, Renee D; Lessnick, Stephen L; Kung, Andrew Li-Jen; Golub, Todd R. (Public Library of Science, 2007)
      Background: The presence of tumor-specific mutations in the cancer genome represents a potential opportunity for pharmacologic intervention to therapeutic benefit. Unfortunately, many classes of oncoproteins (e.g., ...

    • Signatures of murine B-cell development implicate Yy1 as a regulator of the germinal center-specific program 

      Green, Michael R.; Monti, Stefano; Dalla-Favera, Riccardo; Pasqualucci, Laura; Walsh, Nicole C.; Schmidt-Supprian, Marc; Kutok, Jeffery L.; Rodig, Scott J.; Neuberg, Donna S.; Rajewsky, Klaus; Golub, Todd R.; Alt, Frederick W.; Shipp, Margaret A.; Manis, John P. (National Academy of Sciences, 2011)
      We utilized gene expression profiling of a comprehensive panel of purified developmentally defined normal murine B cells to identify unique transcriptional signatures for each subset. To elucidate transcription factor ...

    • Signatures of mutational processes in human cancer 

      Alexandrov, Ludmil B.; Nik-Zainal, Serena; Wedge, David C.; Aparicio, Samuel A.J.R.; Behjati, Sam; Biankin, Andrew V.; Bignell, Graham R.; Bolli, Niccolo; Borg, Ake; Børresen-Dale, Anne-Lise; Boyault, Sandrine; Burkhardt, Birgit; Butler, Adam P.; Caldas, Carlos; Davies, Helen R.; Desmedt, Christine; Eils, Roland; Eyfjörd, Jórunn Erla; Foekens, John A.; Greaves, Mel; Hosoda, Fumie; Hutter, Barbara; Ilicic, Tomislav; Imbeaud, Sandrine; Imielinsk, Marcin; Jäger, Natalie; Jones, David T.W.; Jones, David; Knappskog, Stian; Kool, Marcel; Lakhani, Sunil R.; López-Otín, Carlos; Martin, Sancha; Munshi, Nikhil C.; Nakamura, Hiromi; Northcott, Paul A.; Pajic, Marina; Papaemmanuil, Elli; Paradiso, Angelo; Pearson, John V.; Puente, Xose S.; Raine, Keiran; Ramakrishna, Manasa; Richardson, Andrea L.; Richter, Julia; Rosenstiel, Philip; Schlesner, Matthias; Schumacher, Ton N.; Span, Paul N.; Teague, Jon W.; Totoki, Yasushi; Tutt, Andrew N.J.; Valdés-Mas, Rafael; van Buuren, Marit M.; van ’t Veer, Laura; Vincent-Salomon, Anne; Waddell, Nicola; Yates, Lucy R.; Zucman-Rossi, Jessica; Futreal, P. Andrew; McDermott, Ultan; Lichter, Peter; Meyerson, Matthew; Grimmond, Sean M.; Siebert, Reiner; Campo, Elías; Shibata, Tatsuhiro; Pfister, Stefan M.; Campbell, Peter J.; Stratton, Michael R. (2013)
      All cancers are caused by somatic mutations. However, understanding of the biological processes generating these mutations is limited. The catalogue of somatic mutations from a cancer genome bears the signatures of the ...

    • Significance analysis for clustering with single-cell RNA-sequencing data 

      Grabski, Isabella N.; Street, Kelly; Irizarry, Rafael (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2023-07-10)
      Unsupervised clustering of single-cell RNA-sequencing data enables the identification and discovery of distinct cell populations. However, the most widely used clustering algorithms are heuristic and do not formally account ...

    • The Significance of "Indefinite for Dysplasia" Grading in Barrett Metaplasia 

      Younes, Mamoun; Lauwers, Gregory Y.; Ertan, Atilla; Ergun, Gulchin; Verm, Ray; Bridges, Margaret; Woods, Karen; Meriano, Frank; Schmulen, Carl; Johnson, Craig; Barroso, Alberto; Schwartz, Jim; McKechnie, John; Lechago, Juan (College of American Pathologists, 2011)
      Context.—For a confident diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett metaplasia, the epithelial atypia should also involve the surface epithelium. However, pathologists are often faced with biopsies where the crypts show dysplasia, ...

    • Significance of 14-3-3 Self-Dimerization for Phosphorylation-dependent Target Binding 

      Shen, Ying H.; Godlewski, Jakub; Bronisz, Agnieszka; Zhu, Jun; Comb, Michael J.; Avruch, Joseph; Tzivion, Guri (American Society for Cell Biology, 2003)
      14-3-3 proteins via binding serine/threonine-phosphorylated proteins regulate diverse intracellular processes in all eukaryotic organisms. Here, we examine the role of 14-3-3 self-dimerization in target binding, and in the ...

    • The Significance of the Default Mode Network (DMN) in Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Review 

      Mohan, Akansha; Roberto, Aaron J.; Mohan, Abhishek; Lorenzo, Aileen; Jones, Kathryn; Carney, Martin J.; Liogier-Weyback, Luis; Hwang, Soonjo; Lapidus, Kyle A.B. (YJBM, 2016)
      The relationship of cortical structure and specific neuronal circuitry to global brain function, particularly its perturbations related to the development and progression of neuropathology, is an area of great interest in ...

    • Significance Testing as Perverse Probabilistic Reasoning 

      Westover, Michael Brandon; Westover, Kenneth Dale; Bianchi, Matt Travis (BioMed Central, 2011)
      Truth claims in the medical literature rely heavily on statistical significance testing. Unfortunately, most physicians misunderstand the underlying probabilistic logic of significance tests and consequently often misinterpret ...

    • Significant Impact of Sequence Variations in the Nucleoprotein on CD8 T Cell-Mediated Cross-Protection against Influenza A Virus Infections 

      Zhong, Weimin; Liu, Feng; Dong, Libo; Lu, Xiuhua; Hancock, Kathy; Reinherz, Ellis Leonard; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Sambhara, Suryaprakash (Public Library of Science, 2010)
      Background: Memory CD8 T cells to influenza A viruses are widely detectable in healthy human subjects and broadly cross-reactive for serologically distinct influenza A virus subtypes. However, it is not clear to what extent ...

    • Significant Protection from Infection and AIDS Progression After Gastrointestinal and Oral Vaccinations, Respectively, with a SIV DNA/rMVA Vaccine 

      Aldovini, Anna; Manrique, Mariana L.; Cobo-Molinos, A; Kozlowski, P; Carvlle, A (BioMed Central, 2012)

    • SIKs control osteocyte responses to parathyroid hormone 

      Wein, Marc N.; Liang, Yanke; Goransson, Olga; Sundberg, Thomas B.; Wang, Jinhua; Williams, Elizabeth A.; O'Meara, Maureen J.; Govea, Nicolas; Beqo, Belinda; Nishimori, Shigeki; Nagano, Kenichi; Brooks, Daniel J.; Martins, Janaina S.; Corbin, Braden; Anselmo, Anthony; Sadreyev, Ruslan; Wu, Joy Y.; Sakamoto, Kei; Foretz, Marc; Xavier, Ramnik J.; Baron, Roland; Bouxsein, Mary L.; Gardella, Thomas J.; Divieti-Pajevic, Paola; Gray, Nathanael S.; Kronenberg, Henry M. (Nature Publishing Group, 2016)
      Parathyroid hormone (PTH) activates receptors on osteocytes to orchestrate bone formation and resorption. Here we show that PTH inhibition of SOST (sclerostin), a WNT antagonist, requires HDAC4 and HDAC5, whereas PTH ...

    • Silencing and complementation of reovirus core protein μ2: functional correlations with μ2-microtubule association and differences between virus- and plasmid-derived μ2 

      Carvalho, John; Arnold, Michelle M.; Nibert, Max L. (SAGE Publications, 2007)

    • Silencing Nociceptor Neurons Reduces Allergic Airway Inflammation 

      Talbot, Sebastien; Abdulnour, Raja-Elie E; Burkett, Patrick Ryland; Lee, Seungkyu; Cronin, Shane J.F.; Pascal, Maud A.; Laedermann, Cedric; Foster, Simmie Lorene; Tran, Johnathan V.; Lai, Nicole Yin Yee; Chiu, Isaac Ming-Cheng; Ghasemlou, Nader; DiBiase, Matthew; Roberson, David P; Von Hehn, Christian; Agac, Busranour; Haworth, Oliver; Seki, Hiroyuki; Penninger, Josef M.; Kuchroo, Vijay Kumar; Bean, Bruce Palmer; Levy, Bruce David; Woolf, Clifford (Elsevier BV, 2015)
      Lung nociceptors initiate cough and bronchoconstriction. To elucidate if these fibers also contribute to allergic airway inflammation we stimulated lung nociceptors with capsaicin and observed increased neuropeptide release ...

    • Silencing of CCR2 in myocarditis 

      Leuschner, Florian; Courties, Gabriel; Dutta, Partha; Mortensen, Luke; Gorbatov, Rostic; Sena, Brena; Novobrantseva, Tatiana; Borodovsky, Anna; Fitzgerald, Kevin; Koteliansky, Victor; Iwamoto, Yoshiko; Bohlender, Marina; Meyer, Soeren; Lasitschka, Felix; Meder, Benjamin; Katus, Hugo; Lin, Charles; Libby, Peter; Swirski, Filip; Anderson, Daniel; Weissleder, Ralph; Nahrendorf, Matthias (Oxford University Press, 2015)
      Background: Myocarditis is characterized by inflammatory cell infiltration of the heart and subsequent deterioration of cardiac function. Monocytes are the most prominent population of accumulating leucocytes. We investigated ...

    • Silencing Sexually Transmitted Infections: Topical siRNA-Based Interventions for the Prevention of HIV and HSV 

      Wheeler, Lee Adam (Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2014)
      The global impact of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) is significant. The sexual transmission of viruses such as herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) and the human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1), has been ...

    • Silencing Viral Infection 

      Dykxhoorn, Derek M.; Lieberman, Judy (Public Library of Science, 2006)

    • Silent mutations reveal therapeutic vulnerability in RAS Q61 cancers 

      Kobayashi, Yoshihisa; Chhoeu, Chhayheng; Li, Jiaqi; Price, Kristin S.; Kiedrowski, Lesli A.; Hutchins, Jamie L.; Hardin, Aaron I.; Wei, Zihan; Hong, Fangxin; Bahcall, Magda; Gokhale, Prafulla C.; Jänne, Pasi A. (Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2022-03-02)